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Analysis of coding variants from two affected individuals identified rs146011974G\u2009&gt;\u2009A (Ala1039Thr), a rare variant within the <jats:italic>NCAN<\/jats:italic> gene co-segregating with DD in the pedigree. This variant prompted us to consider this gene as a putative candidate for DD. The RNA expression pattern of the <jats:italic>NCAN<\/jats:italic> gene in human tissues was highly correlated (R\u2009&gt;\u20090.8) with that of the previously suggested DD susceptibility genes <jats:italic>KIAA0319<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CTNND2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CNTNAP2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>GRIN2B<\/jats:italic>. We investigated the association of common variation in <jats:italic>NCAN<\/jats:italic> to brain structures in two data sets: young adults (Brainchild study, Sweden) and infants (FinnBrain study, Finland). In young adults, we found associations between a common genetic variant in <jats:italic>NCAN<\/jats:italic>, rs1064395, and white matter volume in the left and right temporoparietal as well as the left inferior frontal brain regions. In infants, this same variant was found to be associated with cingulate and prefrontal grey matter volumes. Our results suggest <jats:italic>NCAN<\/jats:italic> as a new candidate gene for DD and indicate that <jats:italic>NCAN<\/jats:italic> variants affect brain structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-10175-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]],"date-time":"2017-08-18T10:34:39Z","timestamp":1503052479000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Identification of NCAN as a candidate gene for developmental dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3101-2285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabet","family":"Einarsdottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Peyrard-Janvid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahimeh","family":"Darki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jetro J.","family":"Tuulari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8515-5399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harri","family":"Merisaari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linnea","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noora M.","family":"Scheinin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jani","family":"Saunavaara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riitta","family":"Parkkola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katri","family":"Kantoj\u00e4rvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti-Jussi","family":"\u00c4mm\u00e4l\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8321-8141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy","family":"Yiu-Lin Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Matsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaana","family":"Nopola-Hemmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasse","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiina","family":"Paunio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torkel","family":"Klingberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eira","family":"Leinonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1974-0271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juha","family":"Kere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"10175_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52891-9.00023-3","volume":"111","author":"M Habib","year":"2013","unstructured":"Habib, M. & Giraud, K. 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