{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T04:16:55Z","timestamp":1759637815032},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]],"date-time":"2017-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]],"date-time":"2017-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Scabies is a disease that harms humans and other animals that is caused by the itch mite <jats:italic>Sarcoptes scabiei<\/jats:italic> burrowing into the stratum corneum of the skin. In the early stages of scabies, symptoms are often subclinical and there are no effective diagnostic methods. Herein, we cloned, expressed and characterised an <jats:italic>S. scabiei<\/jats:italic> protein tyrosine kinase (SsPTK) and evaluated its diagnostic value as a recombinant antigen in rabbit during the early stages of <jats:italic>Sarcoptes<\/jats:italic> infestation. The SsPTK protein is ~30\u2009kDa, lacks a signal peptide, and shares high homology with a PTK from the rabbit ear mite <jats:italic>Psoroptes ovis cuniculi<\/jats:italic>. The protein was widely distributed at the front end of mites, particularly in the chewing mouthparts and legs. Indirect ELISA using recombinant SsPTK showed good diagnostic value, with 95.2% (40\/42) sensitivity and 94.1% (48\/51) specificity for detecting anti-PTK antibody in serum samples from naturally-infested rabbits. More importantly, PTK ELISA could diagnose infection in the early stages (infestation for 1 week) with an accuracy of 100% (24\/24). SsPTK therefore shows potential as a sensitive antigen for the early diagnosis of parasitic mite infestation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-10326-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]],"date-time":"2017-08-22T09:48:25Z","timestamp":1503395305000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Expression and characterisation of a Sarcoptes scabiei protein tyrosine kinase as a potential antigen for scabies diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Nengxing","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manli","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaobin","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weimin","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuerong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangyou","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"10326_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70654-5","volume":"6","author":"UR Hengge","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hengge, U. R., Currie, B. J., J\u00e4ger, G., Lupi, O. & Schwartz, R. A. Scabies: a ubiquitous neglected skin disease. The Lancet infectious diseases. \n                           6, 769\u2013779 (2006).","journal-title":"The Lancet infectious diseases."},{"key":"10326_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2013.04.018","volume":"17","author":"S Alasaad","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alasaad, S. et al. The neglected navigating web of the incomprehensibly emerging and re-emerging Sarcoptes mite. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. \n                           17, 253\u2013259 (2013).","journal-title":"Infection, Genetics and Evolution."},{"key":"10326_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2003.014563","volume":"80","author":"J McCarthy","year":"2004","unstructured":"McCarthy, J., Kemp, D. J., Walton, S. F. & Currie, B. Scabies: more than just an irritation. Postgraduate medical journal. \n                           80, 382\u2013387 (2004).","journal-title":"Postgraduate medical journal."},{"key":"10326_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68772-2","volume":"367","author":"J Heukelbach","year":"2006","unstructured":"Heukelbach, J. & Feldmeier, H. Scabies. The Lancet. \n                           367, 1767\u20131774 (2006).","journal-title":"The Lancet."},{"key":"10326_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(04)57005-7","volume":"57","author":"SF Walton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Walton, S. F., Holt, D. C., Currie, B. J. & Kemp, D. J. Scabies: New Future for a Neglected Disease. Advances in Parasitology. \n                           57, 309\u2013376 (2004).","journal-title":"Advances in Parasitology."},{"key":"10326_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)09458-1","volume":"355","author":"O Chosidow","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chosidow, O. Scabies and pediculosis. The Lancet. \n                           355, 819\u2013826 (2000).","journal-title":"The Lancet."},{"key":"10326_CR7","first-page":"385","volume":"21","author":"D Pence","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pence, D. & Ueckermann, E. Sarcoptic manage in wildlife. Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics). \n                           21, 385\u2013398 (2002).","journal-title":"Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics)."},{"key":"10326_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.01.012","volume":"15","author":"S Alasaad","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alasaad, S. et al. Sarcoptes-world molecular network (Sarcoptes-WMN): integrating research on scabies. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. \n                           15, e294\u2013e297 (2011).","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases."},{"key":"10326_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03798.x","volume":"18","author":"R Hay","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hay, R., Steer, A., Engelman, D. & Walton, S. Scabies in the developing world\u2014its prevalence, complications, and management. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. \n                           18, 313\u2013323 (2012).","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection."},{"key":"10326_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001563","volume":"6","author":"A Mika","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mika, A. et al. Complement inhibitors from scabies mites promote streptococcal growth\u2013a novel mechanism in infected epidermis? 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Complement inhibition by Sarcoptes scabiei protects Streptococcus pyogenes - An in vitro study to unravel the molecular mechanisms behind the poorly understood predilection of S. pyogenes to infect mite-induced skin lesions. Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases. \n                           11, e0005437 (2017).","journal-title":"Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases."},{"key":"10326_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-1","volume":"5","author":"R Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang, R. et al. Characterization and evaluation of a Sarcoptes scabiei allergen as a candidate vaccine. Parasites & Vectors. \n                           5, 1\u20139 (2012).","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors."},{"key":"10326_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1717-9","volume":"9","author":"R Casais","year":"2016","unstructured":"Casais, R. et al. Vaccination of rabbits with immunodominant antigens from Sarcoptes scabiei induced high levels of humoral responses and pro-inflammatory cytokines but confers limited protection. Parasites & Vectors. \n                           9, 435 (2016).","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors."},{"key":"10326_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12621.x","volume":"121","author":"P Wilson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wilson, P. et al. Mechanisms for a novel immune evasion strategy in the scabies mite Sarcoptes scabiei: a multigene family of inactivated serine proteases. Journal of investigative dermatology. \n                           121, 1419\u20131424 (2003).","journal-title":"Journal of investigative dermatology."},{"key":"10326_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002525","volume":"7","author":"W Mahmood","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mahmood, W., Viberg, L. T., Fischer, K., Walton, S. F. & Holt, D. C. 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