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Although C57BL\/6 mice normally resistant to TMEV infection with viral clearance, we have previously demonstrated that ROR\u03b3t-transgenic (tg) C57BL\/6 mice, which have Th17-biased responses due to ROR\u03b3t overexpression in T cells, became susceptible to TMEV infection with viral persistence. Here, using T-bet-tg C57BL\/6 mice and Gata3-tg C57BL\/6 mice, we demonstrated that overexpression of T-bet, but not Gata3, in T cells was detrimental in TMEV infection. Unexpectedly, T-bet-tg mice died 2 to 3 weeks after infection due to failure of viral clearance. Here, TMEV infection induced splenic T cell depletion, which was associated with lower anti-viral antibody and T cell responses. In contrast, Gata3-tg mice remained resistant, while Gata3-tg mice had lower IFN-\u03b3 and higher IL-4 production with increased anti-viral IgG1 responses. Thus, our data identify how overexpression of T-bet and Gata3 in T cells alters anti-viral immunity and confers susceptibility to TMEV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-10980-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]],"date-time":"2017-08-30T11:07:21Z","timestamp":1504091241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["T-bet, but not Gata3, overexpression is detrimental in a neurotropic viral infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Fumitaka","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiichiro","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas E.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiichi","family":"Omura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ah-Mee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keigyou","family":"Yoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikuo","family":"Tsunoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"10980_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.7.2348","volume":"136","author":"TR Mosmann","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mosmann, T. 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