{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T12:56:20Z","timestamp":1793278580240,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Phlebotomine sand flies are hematophagous insects that harbor bacterial, viral and parasitic agents like <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> sp<jats:italic>., Phleboviruses<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp., respectively. There are few reports on bacterial microbiota of <jats:italic>Phlebotomus (P.) papatasi<\/jats:italic> but no data available for natural populations of Turkey, where leishmaniasis is endemic. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the midgut bacterial flora of different populations of <jats:italic>P. papatasi<\/jats:italic>. Sand flies were collected from different towns (Karaburun, Urla, Ayvacik and Ba\u015f\u00e7ay\u0131r) located in the western part of Turkey. Laboratory reared <jats:italic>P. papatasi<\/jats:italic> were included in the study as an insectarium population. After sterile washing steps, sand flies were dissected and guts were separated. Three pools, (males, unfed females and blood-fed females) were generated for each population. Prokaryotic 16\u2009S rRNA gene was amplified and DGGE was performed. Fourteen different organisms belonging to two Phylum (Proteobactericea and Furmicutes) were identified according to sequence results in the studied pools. The presence of <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> sp. was shown for the first time in the wild-caught sand fly populations of Turkey. This is the first report of gut bacterial flora of wild-caught <jats:italic>P. papatasi<\/jats:italic> collected in an endemic area for leishmaniasis in Turkey. Microbiome profiling of wild-caught sand flies will be of great help in the investigating of possible vector control candidates for paratransgenic control approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13948-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]],"date-time":"2017-10-26T11:36:43Z","timestamp":1509017803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Midgut Bacterial Diversity of Wild Populations of Phlebotomus (P.) papatasi, the Vector of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) in Turkey"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Karaku\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bur\u00e7in","family":"Karabey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eaban","family":"Or\u00e7un Kalkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcven","family":"\u00d6zdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gizem","family":"O\u011fuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zge","family":"Eri\u015f\u00f6z Kasap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00fclent","family":"Alten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seray","family":"T\u00f6z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuf","family":"\u00d6zbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"13948_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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The gut microbiome of the vector Lutzomyia longipalpis is essential for survival of Leishmania infantum. mBio. \n                           8, e01121\u201316, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mBio.01121-16 (2017).","journal-title":"mBio."},{"issue":"6","key":"13948_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1996.11813102","volume":"90","author":"RJ Dillon","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dillon, R. J., El Kordy, E., Shehata, M. & Lane, R. P. The prevalence of a microbiota in the digestive tract of Phlebotomus papatasi. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. \n                           90(6), 669\u201373 (1996).","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol."},{"issue":"5","key":"13948_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035748","volume":"7","author":"J Mukhopadhyay","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mukhopadhyay, J., Braig, H. R., Rowton, E. D. & Ghosh, K. 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