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In this study, we evaluated the use of both together against multidrug resistant pathogens. The two antibacterial agents did not antagonize the activity of the other. For example, treatment of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> with violacein reduced its viability by more than 2,000-fold with or without <jats:italic>B. bacteriovorus<\/jats:italic> addition. Likewise, predation of <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic> reduced the viability of this pathogen by more than 13,000-fold, regardless if violacein was present or not. When used individually against mixed bacterial cultures containing both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, violacein and <jats:italic>B. bacteriovorus<\/jats:italic> HD100 were effective against only their respective strains. The combined application of both violacein and <jats:italic>B. bacteriovorus<\/jats:italic> HD100, however, reduced the total pathogen numbers by as much as 84,500-fold. Their combined effectiveness was also demonstrated using a 4-species culture containing <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>. When used alone, violacein and bacterial predation reduced the total population by only 19% and 68%, respectively. In conjunction with each other, the pathogen viability was reduced by 2,965-fold (99.98%), illustrating the prospective use of these two antimicrobials together against mixed species populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14567-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,25]],"date-time":"2017-10-25T09:44:20Z","timestamp":1508924660000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Combined Application of Bacterial Predation and Violacein to Kill Polymicrobial Pathogenic Communities"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Hansol","family":"Im","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong Yeol","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangmo","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"14567_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27317","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0027317","volume":"6","author":"T Dalton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dalton, T. et al. An In Vivo Polymicrobial Biofilm Wound Infection Model to Study Interspecies Interactions. Plos One \n                           6, e27317, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0027317 (2011).","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"14567_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00013-11","volume":"25","author":"BM Peters","year":"2012","unstructured":"Peters, B. M., Jabra-Rizk, M. A., O\u2019May, G. A., Costerton, J. W. & Shirtliff, M. E. Polymicrobial Interactions: Impact on Pathogenesis and Human Disease. Clin Microbiol Rev \n                           25, 193, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/Cmr.00013-11 (2012).","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"14567_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiq087","volume":"203","author":"KE Weimer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weimer, K. E. et al. 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