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Goto-kakizaki (GK) rats, an animal model of non-obese type 2 diabetes, were treated with or without PM and\/or SFN during 8 weeks\u00a0and compared with age-matched Wistar rats. At the end of the treatment, nitric oxide (NO)-dependent and independent vasorelaxation in isolated aorta and mesenteric arteries were evaluated. Metabolic profile, NO bioavailability and vascular oxidative stress, AGE and Nrf2 levels were also assessed. Diabetic GK rats presented significantly lower levels of Nrf2 and concomitantly exhibited higher levels of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. PM and SFN as monotherapy were capable of significantly improving endothelial dysfunction in aorta and mesenteric arteries decreasing vascular oxidative damage, AGE and HbA1c levels. Furthermore, SFN\u2009+\u2009PM proved more effective reducing systemic free fatty acids levels, normalizing endothelial function, NO bioavailability and glycation in GK rats. Activators of Nrf2 can be used therapeutically in association with inhibitors of AGE and cross-linking formation to normalize endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14733-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,24]],"date-time":"2017-10-24T14:43:47Z","timestamp":1508856227000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["The Sulforaphane and pyridoxamine supplementation normalize endothelial dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Cris\u00f3stomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raquel M.","family":"Sei\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina M.","family":"Sena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"14733_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703393","volume":"130","author":"AS De Vriese","year":"2000","unstructured":"De Vriese, A. 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