{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T11:07:41Z","timestamp":1792062461500,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Gallstone disease (GSD) is related to several diabetes risk factors. The present study was to examine whether GSD was independently associated with type 2 diabetes in the China Kadoorie Biobank study. After excluding participants with prevalent diabetes and prior histories of cancer, heart disease, and stroke at baseline, 189,154 men and 272,059 women aged 30\u201379 years were eligible for analysis. The baseline prevalence of GSD was 5.7% of the included participants. During 4,138,687 person-years of follow-up (median, 9.1 years), a total of 4,735 men and 7,747 women were documented with incident type 2 diabetes. Compared with participants without GSD at baseline, the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for type 2 diabetes for those with GSD were 1.09 (95% CI: 0.96\u20131.24; P\u2009=\u20090.206), 1.21 (95% CI: 1.13-1.30; P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and 1.17 (95% CI: 1.10-1.25; P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) in men, women, and the whole cohort respectively. There was no statistically significant heterogeneity between men and women (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.347 for interaction). The association between GSD and type 2 diabetes was strongest among participants who reported \u22655 years since the first diagnosis and were still on treatment at baseline (HR\u2009=\u20091.48; 95% CI: 1.16-1.88; P\u2009=\u20090.001). The present study highlights the importance of developing a novel prevention strategy to mitigate type 2 diabetes through improvement of gastrointestinal health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14801-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]],"date-time":"2017-11-14T06:47:16Z","timestamp":1510642036000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Gallstone Disease and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Canqing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanpeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuelong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiyu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junshi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"14801_CR1","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. 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An analysis report of National Health Services Survey in China, 2013. (Peking Union Medical College Press, 2015)."},{"key":"14801_CR5","first-page":"408","volume":"16","author":"ZW Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang, Z. W. Epidemiology and risk factors of gallstones (in Chinese). J Surg Concepts Pract \n                           16, 408\u2013412 (2011).","journal-title":"J Surg Concepts Pract"},{"key":"14801_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02157.x","volume":"24","author":"KG Alberti","year":"2007","unstructured":"Alberti, K. G., Zimmet, P. & Shaw, J. International Diabetes Federation: a consensus on Type 2 diabetes prevention. Diabet Med \n                           24, 451\u2013463, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02157.x (2007).","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"14801_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.116.307507","volume":"36","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zheng, Y. et al. Gallstones and risk of coronary heart disease: Prospective analysis of 270 000 men and women from 3 US cohorts and meta-analysis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol \n                           36, 1997\u20132003, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/atvbaha.116.307507 (2016).","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"14801_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310206","volume":"31","author":"CE Ruhl","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ruhl, C. E. & Everhart, J. E. Association of diabetes, serum insulin, and C-peptide with gallbladder disease. Hepatology \n                           31, 299\u2013303, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.510310206 (2000).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"14801_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04381.x","volume":"21","author":"CH Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen, C. H. et al. Prevalence and risk factors of gallstone disease in an adult population of Taiwan: an epidemiological survey. J Gastroenterol Hepatol \n                           21, 1737\u20131743, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04381.x (2006).","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"14801_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.1886","volume":"15","author":"H Sun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sun, H. et al. Gender and metabolic differences of gallstone diseases. 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Diabet Med \n                           31, 540\u2013551, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dme.12392 (2014).","journal-title":"Diabet Med"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-14801-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-14801-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-14801-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T08:52:26Z","timestamp":1671785546000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-14801-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["14801"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-14801-2","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.732141806.793550807","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 March 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 November 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"15853"}}