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Here, we investigated the roles of metoprolol in regulation of atrial remodeling induced by chronic OSA. A canine model of chronic OSA was established by stopping the ventilator and closing the airway for 4\u2009h\/day every other day for 12 weeks, while metoprolol (5\u2009mg\u00b7kg-1\u00b7day-1) was continuously administered. Using that model, we observed that increases in sympathetic sprouting and atrial structural remodeling were sharply inhibited by metoprolol. Moreover, metoprolol dramatically inhibited the impairment of atrial energy metabolism by activating the Sirt1-AMPK pathway. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, metoprolol significantly activated the Sirt1-AMPK pathway in intermittent hypoxic and isoproterenol-treated HL-1 cells, and the effect was abolished by the coadministration of EX-527, an inhibitor of Sirt1 activation. In summary, metoprolol protects against chronic OSA-induced atrial remodeling. Our results suggest a new and feasible treatment strategy for AF induced by OSA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14960-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,27]],"date-time":"2017-10-27T10:35:21Z","timestamp":1509100521000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Metoprolol prevents chronic obstructive sleep apnea-induced atrial fibrillation by inhibiting structural, sympathetic nervous and metabolic remodeling of the atria"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiqi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yike","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinwen","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengzhu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"14960_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.138","volume":"169","author":"R Mehra","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mehra, R. et al. 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A. & Ketikoglou, D. G. Obstructive sleep and atrial fibrillation: Pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic implications. International journal of cardiology \n                           230, 293\u2013300, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.12.120 (2017).","journal-title":"International journal of cardiology"},{"key":"14960_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-014-0427-8","volume":"109","author":"J Zhao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhao, J. et al. Chronic obstructive sleep apnea causes atrial remodeling in canines: mechanisms and implications. Basic research in cardiology \n                           109, 427, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00395-014-0427-8 (2014).","journal-title":"Basic research in cardiology"},{"key":"14960_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(97)90089-5","volume":"91","author":"D Vanuxem","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vanuxem, D. et al. 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Anesthesia and analgesia \n                           122, 373\u2013380, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0000000000001048 (2016).","journal-title":"Anesthesia and analgesia"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-14960-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-14960-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-14960-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T13:04:47Z","timestamp":1671800687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-14960-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["14960"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-14960-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 January 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 May 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 November 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"14941"}}