{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T23:55:36Z","timestamp":1772063736183,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,7]],"date-time":"2017-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,7]],"date-time":"2017-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is generally acknowledged that structural loss can precede functional loss in some patients with early glaucoma. However, conventional standard automated perimetry (SAP) has limitations in the detection of functional loss, especially in the macular area. This study explores visual field loss in the macular areas of patients with preperimetric glaucoma exhibiting structural thinning in the area by examining the correlations between the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) and the results of matrix frequency-doubling technology (FDT) 10-2 tests. The structure-function relationships between the GCIPL thicknesses and the mean sensitivities (MSs) of the corresponding areas based on conventional SAP 24-2, FDT 10-2, and FDT 24-2 were examined in 62 patients. The highest correlation was found for FDT 10-2 (r\u2009=\u20090.544, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) followed by FDT 24-2 (r\u2009=\u20090.433, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) and SAP (r\u2009=\u20090.346, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007). The correlation coefficients between each GCIPL sector and the corresponding central MS according to FDT 24-2 and 10-2 were all statistically significant, and the correlations were significantly stronger for FDT 10-2 than 24-2 in the inferior and inferonasal sectors. In conclusion, preperimetric glaucoma patients with structural loss in the macula as indicated by GCIPL thinning also exhibited functional loss as revealed by FDT 10-2, and the functional loss was less evident with conventional SAP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15329-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T08:43:21Z","timestamp":1509525801000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Usefulness of 10-2 Matrix Frequency Doubling Technology Perimetry for Detecting Central Visual Field Defects in Preperimetric Glaucoma Patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Younhea","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hae-Young L.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi Ryeung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chan Kee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"15329_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.08.003","volume":"32","author":"DC Hood","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hood, D. C., Raza, A. S., de Moraes, C. G., Liebmann, J. M. & Ritch, R. Glaucomatous damage of the macula. Prog Retin Eye Res \n                           32, 1\u201321, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.08.003 (2013).","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"15329_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903000103","volume":"300","author":"CA Curcio","year":"1990","unstructured":"Curcio, C. A. & Allen, K. A. Topography of ganglion cells in human retina. J Comp Neurol \n                           300, 5\u201325, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.903000103 (1990).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"15329_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7708","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17819","volume":"56","author":"Y Jung","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jung, Y., Park, H. Y., Jeong, H. J., Choi, S. Y. & Park, C. K. The Ability of 10-2 Short-Wavelength Perimetry in Detecting Functional Loss of the Macular Area in Preperimetric Glaucoma Patients. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci \n                           56, 7708\u20137714, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.15-17819 (2015).","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"15329_CR4","first-page":"1404","volume":"42","author":"PG Spry","year":"2001","unstructured":"Spry, P. G., Johnson, C. A., McKendrick, A. M. & Turpin, A. Variability components of standard automated perimetry and frequency-doubling technology perimetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci \n                           42, 1404\u20131410 (2001).","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"15329_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.71.001051","volume":"71","author":"DH Kelly","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kelly, D. H. Nonlinear visual responses to flickering sinusoidal gratings. J Opt Soc Am \n                           71, 1051\u20131055 (1981).","journal-title":"J Opt Soc Am"},{"key":"15329_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)01108-4","volume":"173","author":"P Fogagnolo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fogagnolo, P., Rossetti, L., Ranno, S., Ferreras, A. & Orzalesi, N. Short-wavelength automated perimetry and frequency-doubling technology perimetry in glaucoma. Prog Brain Res \n                           173, 101\u2013124, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)01108-4 (2008).","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"15329_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.019","volume":"118","author":"HD Jampel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jampel, H. D. et al. Assessment of visual function in glaucoma: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology \n                           118, 986\u20131002, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.019 (2011).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"15329_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5373","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-1501","volume":"49","author":"G Mowatt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mowatt, G. et al. Screening tests for detecting open-angle glaucoma: systematic review and meta-analysis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci \n                           49, 5373\u20135385, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.07-1501 (2008).","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"15329_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(96)00260-X","volume":"37","author":"RS Anderson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Anderson, R. S. & O\u2019Brien, C. Psychophysical evidence for a selective loss of M ganglion cells in glaucoma. 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Psychological bulletin \n                           87, 245 (1980).","journal-title":"Psychological bulletin"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-15329-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-15329-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-15329-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T13:13:19Z","timestamp":1671801199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-15329-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,7]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["15329"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-15329-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 October 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 November 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"14622"}}