{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T21:54:20Z","timestamp":1769550860271,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are numerous tomographic indices for the detection of keratoconus risk. When the indexes based on corneal volume are analyzed, two problems are presented: on the one hand, they are not very sensitive to the detection of incipient cases of keratoconus because they are not locally defined in the primary developmental region of the structural abnormalities; and on the other hand, they do not register the geometric decompensation driven by the asymmetry present during the disease progression. This work performed a morphogeometric modeling of the cornea by the aid of CAD tools and using raw topographic data (Sirius system, CSO, Firenze). For this method, four singular points present on the corneal surfaces were located and the following parameters based on corneal volume were calculated: VOL<jats:sub>mct<\/jats:sub>, defined by the points of minimal thickness; VOL<jats:sub>aap<\/jats:sub>, defined by the anterior corneal apex, and VOL<jats:sub>pap<\/jats:sub>, defined by the posterior corneal apex. The results demonstrate that a further reduction of corneal volume in keratoconus happens and significantly progresses along the disease severity level. The combination of optical and volumetric data, that collect the sensitivity of the asymmetry generated by the disease, allows an accurate detection of incipient cases and follow up of the disease progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16145-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]],"date-time":"2017-11-14T11:08:09Z","timestamp":1510657689000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Keratoconus Detection Based on a New Corneal Volumetric Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Francisco","family":"Cavas-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Bataille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel G.","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco J. F.","family":"Ca\u00f1avate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge L.","family":"Alio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"16145_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2014.04.013","volume":"40","author":"CJ Roberts","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roberts, C. J. & Dupps, W. J. Jr. Biomechanics of corneal ectasia and biomechanical treatments. Journal of cataract and refractive surgery \n                           40, 991\u2013998, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2014.04.013 (2014).","journal-title":"Journal of cataract and refractive surgery"},{"key":"16145_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.63","volume":"29","author":"V Galvis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Galvis, V. et al. Keratoconus: an inflammatory disorder[quest]. Eye \n                           29, 843\u2013859, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2015.63 (2015).","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"16145_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000408","volume":"34","author":"JA Gomes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gomes, J. A. et al. Global consensus on keratoconus and ectatic diseases. Cornea \n                           34, 359\u2013369, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ico.0000000000000408 (2015).","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"16145_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.10.022","volume":"38","author":"DP Pinero","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pinero, D. P., Nieto, J. C. & Lopez-Miguel, A. Characterization of corneal structure in keratoconus. Journal of cataract and refractive surgery \n                           38, 2167\u20132183, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.10.022 (2012).","journal-title":"Journal of cataract and refractive surgery"},{"key":"16145_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e110249","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110249","volume":"9","author":"F Cavas-Martinez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cavas-Martinez, F. et al. Geometrical custom modeling of human cornea in vivo and its use for the diagnosis of corneal ectasia. PloS one \n                           9, e110249, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0110249 (2014).","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"16145_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2013.07.007","volume":"37","author":"SM Ahmadi Hosseini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahmadi Hosseini, S. M., Abolbashari, F., Niyazmand, H. & Sedaghat, M. R. Efficacy of corneal tomography parameters and biomechanical characteristic in keratoconus detection. Contact lens & anterior eye: the journal of the British Contact Lens Association \n                           37, 26\u201330, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clae.2013.07.007 (2014).","journal-title":"Contact lens & anterior eye: the journal of the British Contact Lens Association"},{"key":"16145_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-012-9654-x","volume":"33","author":"SM Ahmadi Hosseini","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ahmadi Hosseini, S. M., Mohidin, N., Abolbashari, F., Mohd-Ali, B. & Santhirathelagan, C. T. Corneal thickness and volume in subclinical and clinical keratoconus. International ophthalmology \n                           33, 139\u2013145, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-012-9654-x (2013).","journal-title":"International ophthalmology"},{"key":"16145_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.06.025","volume":"32","author":"R Ambrosio Jr.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ambrosio, R. Jr., Alonso, R. S., Luz, A. & Coca Velarde, L. G. Corneal-thickness spatial profile and corneal-volume distribution: tomographic indices to detect keratoconus. Journal of cataract and refractive surgery \n                           32, 1851\u20131859, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.06.025 (2006).","journal-title":"Journal of cataract and refractive surgery"},{"key":"16145_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2009.00642.x","volume":"29","author":"A Cervino","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cervino, A. et al. Determination of corneal volume from anterior topography and topographic pachymetry: application to healthy and keratoconic eyes. Ophthalmic & physiological optics: the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) \n                           29, 652\u2013660, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2009.00642.x (2009).","journal-title":"Ophthalmic & physiological optics: the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)"},{"key":"16145_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2015.1082188","volume":"41","author":"J Cui","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cui, J., Zhang, X., Hu, Q., Zhou, W. Y. & Yang, F. Evaluation of Corneal Thickness and Volume Parameters of Subclinical Keratoconus Using a Pentacam Scheimflug System. 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