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Some indigenous and pathogenic bacteria target GAGs for colonization to and\/or infection of host mammalian cells. In Gram-negative pathogenic <jats:italic>Streptobacillus moniliformis<\/jats:italic>, the solute-binding protein (Smon0123)-dependent ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter incorporates unsaturated GAG disaccharides into the cytoplasm after depolymerization by polysaccharide lyase. Smon0123, composed of N and C domains, adopts either a substrate-free open or a substrate-bound closed form by approaching two domains at 47\u00b0 in comparison with the open form. Here we show an alternative 39\u00b0-closed conformation of Smon0123 bound to unsaturated chondroitin disaccharide sulfated at the C-4 and C-6 positions of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>-acetyl-d-galactosamine residue (C\u03944S6S). In C\u03944S6S-bound Smon0123, Arg204 and Lys210 around the two sulfate groups were located at different positions from those at other substrate-bound 47\u00b0-closed conformations. Therefore, the two sulfate groups in C\u03944S6S shifted substrate-binding residue arrangements, causing dynamic conformational change. Smon0123 showed less affinity with C\u03944S6S than with non-sulfated and monosulfated substrates. ATPase activity of the Smon0123-dependent ABC transporter in the presence of C\u03944S6S was lower than that in the presence of other unsaturated chondroitin disaccharides, suggesting that C\u03944S6S-bound Smon0123 was unpreferable for docking with the ABC transporter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16801-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,29]],"date-time":"2017-11-29T14:49:04Z","timestamp":1511966944000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Alternative substrate-bound conformation of bacterial solute-binding protein involved in the import of mammalian host glycosaminoglycans"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Sayoko","family":"Oiki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reiko","family":"Kamochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bunzo","family":"Mikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kousaku","family":"Murata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"16801_CR1","unstructured":"Hay, E. 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