{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T18:44:24Z","timestamp":1740163464215,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]],"date-time":"2017-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]],"date-time":"2017-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess repeatability of corneal tomography in successive measurements by Pentacam in keratoconus (KC) and normal eyes based on the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. The study involved 143 keratoconic and 143 matched normal eyes. ICP algorithm was used to estimate six single and combined misalignment (CM) parameters, the root mean square (RMS) of the difference in elevation data pre (PreICP-RMS) and post (PosICP-RMS) tomography matching. Corneal keratometry, expressed in the form of M, J<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub> and J<jats:sub>45<\/jats:sub> (power vector analysis parameters), was used to evaluate the effect of misalignment on corneal curvature measurements. The PreICP-RMS and PosICP-RMS were statistically higher (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) in KC than normal eyes. CM increased significantly (p\u2009=\u20090.00), more in KC (16.76\u2009\u00b1\u200920.88 \u03bcm) than in normal eyes (5.43\u2009\u00b1\u20094.08 \u03bcm). PreICP-RMS, PosICP-RMS and CM were correlated with keratoconus grade (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Corneal astigmatism J<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub> was different (p\u2009=\u20090.01) for the second tomography measurements with misalignment consideration (\u22121.11\u2009\u00b1\u20092.35 D) or not (\u22121.18\u2009\u00b1\u20092.35 D), while M and J<jats:sub>45<\/jats:sub> kept similar. KC corneas consistently show higher misalignments between successive tomography measurements and lower repeatability compared with healthy eyes. The influence of misalignment is evidently clearer in the estimation of astigmatism than spherical curvature. These higher errors appear correlated with KC progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17658-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,6]],"date-time":"2017-12-06T14:45:52Z","timestamp":1512571552000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Repeatability of corneal elevation maps in keratoconus patients using the tomography matching method"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"YaRu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LiFang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YiPing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JunJie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"XiaoBo","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0561-6667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan","family":"Geraghty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"QinMei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ShiHao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FangJun","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Elsheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"17658_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(84)90094-8","volume":"28","author":"JH Krachmer","year":"1984","unstructured":"Krachmer, J. H., Feder, R. S. & Belin, M. W. Keratoconus and related noninflammatory corneal thinning disorders. Surv Ophthalmol \n                           28, 293\u2013322 (1984).","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"17658_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)00355-7","volume":"26","author":"GU Auffarth","year":"2000","unstructured":"Auffarth, G. U., Wang, L. & V\u00f6lcker, H. E. Keratoconus evaluation using the Orbscan Topography System. J Cataract Refract Surg \n                           26, 222\u2013228 (2000).","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"17658_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.002","volume":"28","author":"KH Weed","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weed, K. H., McGhee, C. N. & MacEwen, C. J. Atypical unilateral superior keratoconus in young males. Cont Lens Anterior Eye \n                           28, 177\u2013179, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.002 (2005).","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"17658_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-19950901-14","volume":"11","author":"YS Rabinowitz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rabinowitz, Y. S. Videokeratographic indices to aid in screening for keratoconus. J Refract Surg \n                           11, 371\u2013379 (1995).","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"17658_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pressley, A. Elementary Differential Geometry. (Springer Undergraduate Mathematics Series, 2010).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84882-891-9"},{"key":"17658_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5263","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-15055","volume":"55","author":"R Shetty","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shetty, R. et al. Repeatability and agreement of three Scheimpflug-based imaging systems for measuring anterior segment parameters in keratoconus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci \n                           55, 5263\u20135268, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.14-15055 (2014).","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"17658_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.12.025","volume":"33","author":"R Khoramnia","year":"2007","unstructured":"Khoramnia, R., Rabsilber, T. M. & Auffarth, G. U. Central and peripheral pachymetry measurements according to age using the Pentacam rotating Scheimpflug camera. J Cataract Refract Surg \n                           33, 830\u2013836, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.12.025 (2007).","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"17658_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"OCT169","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18650","volume":"57","author":"H Fujimoto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fujimoto, H. et al. Quantitative Evaluation of the Natural Progression of Keratoconus Using Three-Dimensional Optical Coherence Tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci \n                           57, OCT169\u2013175, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.15-18650 (2016).","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"17658_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000275","volume":"33","author":"AJ Kanellopoulos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kanellopoulos, A. J. & Asimellis, G. OCT-derived comparison of corneal thickness distribution and asymmetry differences between normal and keratoconic eyes. Cornea \n                           33, 1274\u20131281, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000275 (2014).","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"17658_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0139541","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139541","volume":"10","author":"F Bao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bao, F. et al. Effect of Misalignment between Successive Corneal Videokeratography Maps on the Repeatability of Topography Data. PLoS One \n                           10, e0139541 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"17658_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03223-9","volume":"7","author":"X Zheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zheng, X. et al. Evaluating the repeatability of corneal elevation through calculating the misalignment between Successive topography measurements during the follow up of LASIK. Scientific reports \n                           7, 3122, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-03223-9 (2017).","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"key":"17658_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2009.11.012","volume":"36","author":"DP Pinero","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pinero, D. P., Alio, J. L., Aleson, A., Escaf Vergara, M. & Miranda, M. Corneal volume, pachymetry, and correlation of anterior and posterior corneal shape in subclinical and different stages of clinical keratoconus. J Cataract Refract Surg \n                           36, 814\u2013825, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2009.11.012 (2010).","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"17658_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2015.09.024","volume":"42","author":"AK Schuster","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schuster, A. K. et al. Intraocular lens calculation adjustment after laser refractive surgery using Scheimpflug imaging. J Cataract Refract Surg \n                           42, 226\u2013231, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2015.09.024 (2016).","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"17658_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000800","volume":"35","author":"N Pahuja","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pahuja, N. et al. Corneal Densitometry: Repeatability in Eyes With Keratoconus and Postcollagen Cross-Linking. Cornea \n                           35, 833\u2013837, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000800 (2016).","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"17658_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00094-0","volume":"110","author":"BS Boxer Wachler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boxer Wachler, B. S. et al. Intacs for keratoconus. Ophthalmology \n                           110, 1031\u20131040 (2003).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"17658_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2010.02228.x","volume":"38","author":"GR Snibson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Snibson, G. R. Collagen cross-linking: a new treatment paradigm in corneal disease - a review. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol \n                           38, 141\u2013153, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2010.02228.x (2010).","journal-title":"Clin Experiment Ophthalmol"},{"key":"17658_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.117.11.1561","volume":"117","author":"E Manche","year":"1999","unstructured":"Manche, E., Holland, G. & Maloney, R. Deep lamellar keratoplasty using viscoelastic dissection. Arch Ophthalmol \n                           117, 1561\u20131565 (1999).","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"17658_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2008.10.019","volume":"35","author":"T Kawamorita","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kawamorita, T. et al. Repeatability, reproducibility, and agreement characteristics of rotating Scheimpflug photography and scanning-slit corneal topography for corneal power measurement. J Cataract Refract Surg \n                           35, 127\u2013133, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2008.10.019 (2009).","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"17658_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.10.033","volume":"39","author":"R Montalban","year":"2013","unstructured":"Montalban, R., Alio, J. L., Javaloy, J. & Pinero, D. P. Intrasubject repeatability in keratoconus-eye measurements obtained with a new Scheimpflug photography-based system. J Cataract Refract Surg \n                           39, 211\u2013218, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.10.033 (2013).","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"17658_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12044","volume":"96","author":"H Sideroudi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sideroudi, H. et al. Repeatability, reliability and reproducibility of posterior curvature and wavefront aberrations in keratoconic and cross-linked corneas. Clin Exp Optom \n                           96, 547\u2013556, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cxo.12044 (2013).","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"17658_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2007.11.056","volume":"34","author":"H Shankar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shankar, H., Taranath, D., Santhirathelagan, C. T. & Pesudovs, K. Repeatability of corneal first-surface wavefront aberrations measured with Pentacam corneal topography. J Cataract Refract Surg \n                           34, 727\u2013734, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2007.11.056 (2008).","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"17658_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(01)00820-3","volume":"27","author":"NG Iskander","year":"2001","unstructured":"Iskander, N. G., Anderson Penno, E., Peters, N. T., Gimbel, H. V. & Ferensowicz, M. Accuracy of Orbscan pachymetry measurements and DHG ultrasound pachymetry in primary laser in situ keratomileusis and LASIK enhancement procedures. J Cataract Refract Surg \n                           27, 681\u2013685 (2001).","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"17658_CR23","first-page":"518","volume":"5","author":"S Somodi","year":"1996","unstructured":"Somodi, S. et al. Confocal in vivo microscopy and confocal laser-scanning fluorescence microscopy in keratoconus. German journal of ophthalmology \n                           5, 518\u2013525 (1996).","journal-title":"German journal of ophthalmology"},{"key":"17658_CR24","first-page":"121","volume":"38","author":"A Daxer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Daxer, A. & Fratzl, P. Collagen fibril orientation in the human corneal stroma and its implication in keratoconus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci \n                           38, 121\u2013129 (1997).","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"17658_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(86)33571-1","volume":"93","author":"MB Shapiro","year":"1986","unstructured":"Shapiro, M. B., Rodrigues, M. M., Mandel, M. R. & Krachmer, J. H. Anterior clear spaces in keratoconus. Ophthalmology \n                           93, 1316\u20131319 (1986).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"17658_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.11.008","volume":"162","author":"Z Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu, Z. et al. Reliability of Pentacam HR Thickness Maps of the Entire Cornea in Normal, Post-Laser In Situ Keratomileusis, and Keratoconus Eyes. Am J Ophthalmol \n                           162, 74\u201382 e71, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.11.008 (2016).","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"17658_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2014.08.001","volume":"133","author":"S Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen, S., Mienaltowski, M. J. & Birk, D. E. Regulation of corneal stroma extracellular matrix assembly. Exp Eye Res \n                           133, 69\u201380, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2014.08.001 (2015).","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"17658_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00159-7","volume":"107","author":"A Tomidokoro","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tomidokoro, A. et al. Changes in anterior and posterior corneal curvatures in keratoconus. Ophthalmology \n                           107, 1328\u20131332 (2000).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"17658_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307201","volume":"100","author":"TH Flynn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Flynn, T. H., Sharma, D. P., Bunce, C. & Wilkins, M. R. Differential precision of corneal Pentacam HR measurements in early and advanced keratoconus. Br J Ophthalmol \n                           100, 1183\u20131187, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307201 (2016).","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"17658_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.01.014","volume":"159","author":"S Goebels","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goebels, S. et al. Staging of keratoconus indices regarding tomography, topography, and biomechanical measurements. Am J Ophthalmol \n                           159, 733\u2013738, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.01.014 (2015).","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"17658_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2015.01.015","volume":"38","author":"S Goebels","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goebels, S., Kasmann-Kellner, B., Eppig, T., Seitz, B. & Langenbucher, A. Can retinoscopy keep up in keratoconus diagnosis? Cont Lens Anterior Eye \n                           38, 234\u2013239, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clae.2015.01.015 (2015).","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"17658_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e73412","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073412","volume":"8","author":"F Bao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bao, F. et al. Evaluation of the shape symmetry of bilateral normal corneas in a Chinese population. PLoS One \n                           8, e73412, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0073412 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"17658_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199711000-00025","volume":"74","author":"BA Barsky","year":"1997","unstructured":"Barsky, B. A., Klein, S. A. & Garcia, D. D. Gaussian power with cylinder vector field representation for corneal topography maps. Optom Vis Sci \n                           74, 917\u2013925 (1997).","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"17658_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1167\/10.13.3","volume":"10","author":"R Navarro","year":"2010","unstructured":"Navarro, R. Refractive error sensing from wavefront slopes. J Vis \n                           10, 3, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/10.13.3 (2010).","journal-title":"J Vis"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-17658-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-17658-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-17658-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T16:11:29Z","timestamp":1671811889000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-17658-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["17658"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-17658-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2045-2322"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 August 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"17457"}}