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After inoculating the leaves with bacterial blight (<jats:italic>Xanthomonas oryzae<\/jats:italic> pv. <jats:italic>oryzae<\/jats:italic>; <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic>), we found that the expression of <jats:italic>OsPR10a<\/jats:italic> was up- and down-regulated in <jats:italic>OEtr-1<\/jats:italic> (overexpression of the constitutively active truncated form of <jats:italic>OsCDPK1<\/jats:italic>) and <jats:italic>Ri-1<\/jats:italic> rice plants, respectively. <jats:italic>OsPR10a<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>OsCDPK1<\/jats:italic> showed corresponding expression patterns and were up-regulated in response to the jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic> treatments, and <jats:italic>OsPR1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>OsPR4<\/jats:italic> were significantly up-regulated in <jats:italic>OEtr-1<\/jats:italic>. These results suggest that <jats:italic>OsCDPK1<\/jats:italic> may be an upstream regulator involved in rice innate immunity and conferred broad-spectrum of disease resistance. Following the <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic> inoculation, the <jats:italic>OEtr-1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Ri-1<\/jats:italic> seedlings showed enhanced and reduced disease resistance, respectively. The dihybrid rice <jats:italic>Ri-1\/OsPR10a-Ox<\/jats:italic> not only bypassed the effect of <jats:italic>OsCDPK1<\/jats:italic> silencing on the susceptibility to <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic> but also showed enhanced disease resistance and, consistent with <jats:italic>Ri-1<\/jats:italic> phenotypes, increased plant height and grain size. Our results reveal that <jats:italic>OsCDPK1<\/jats:italic> plays novel key roles in the cross-talk and mediation of the balance between stress response and development and provides a clue for improving grain yield and disease resistance simultaneously in rice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18829-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]],"date-time":"2018-01-04T17:09:06Z","timestamp":1515085746000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Overexpression of a constitutively active truncated form of OsCDPK1 confers disease resistance by affecting OsPR10a expression in rice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Siou-Luan","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Zhi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo-Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Hsiang","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin-Lon","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"18829_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141627","volume":"55","author":"JF Harper","year":"2004","unstructured":"Harper, J. 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