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Gene therapy applying siRNA targeting STAT3 is a potential therapeutic strategy for melanoma. In this article, we first fabricated safe and novel dissolving microneedles (MNs) for topical application of STAT3 siRNA to enhance the skin penetration of siRNA and used polyethylenimine (PEI, 25\u2009kDa) as carrier to improve cellular uptake of siRNA. The results showed that MNs can effectively penetrate skin and rapidly dissolve in the skin.\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    B16F10 cell experiments presented that STAT3 siRNA PEI complex can enhance cellular uptake and transfection of siRNA, correspondingly enhance gene silencing efficiency and inhibit tumor cells growth.\n                    <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    experiments indicated that topical application of STAT3 siRNA PEI complex delivered by dissolving MNs into skin can effectively suppress the development of melanoma through silencing STAT3 gene, and the inhibition effect is dose-dependent. STAT3 siRNA delivery via dissolving MNs is a promising approach for skin melanoma treatment with targeting inhibition efficacy and minimal adverse effects.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19463-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]],"date-time":"2018-01-12T07:37:46Z","timestamp":1515742666000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Intradermal delivery of STAT3 siRNA to treat melanoma via dissolving microneedles"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jingtong","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyi","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyao","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueming","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiyue","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanhao","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanbin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuehong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"19463_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29159","volume":"6","author":"R Ruan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ruan, R. et al. 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