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We found evidence of a significant contribution of African and South Asian lineages to present-day New World malaria parasites with additional\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    lineages appearing to originate from Melanesia that were putatively carried by the Australasian peoples who contributed genes to Native Americans. Importantly, mitochondrial lineages of the\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    -like species\n                    <jats:italic>P. simium<\/jats:italic>\n                    are shared by platyrrhine monkeys and humans in the Atlantic Forest ecosystem, but not across the Amazon, which most likely resulted from one or a few recent human-to-monkey transfers. While enslaved Africans were likely the main carriers of\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    mitochondrial lineages into the Americas after the conquest, additional parasites carried by Australasian peoples in pre-Columbian times may have contributed to the extensive diversity of extant local populations of\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19554-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]],"date-time":"2018-01-25T07:09:15Z","timestamp":1516864155000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Human migration and the spread of malaria parasites to the New World"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Priscila T.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo O.","family":"Valdivia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thais C.","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Marcelo P.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria R. 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