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In this study the effectiveness of using CTX0E03, a conditionally immortalised human neural stem\u00a0cell line, as a source of allogeneic cells for constructing living artificial nerve repair tissue was tested. CTX0E03 cells were differentiated then combined with collagen to form engineered neural tissue (EngNT-CTX), stable aligned sheets of cellular hydrogel. EngNT-CTX sheets were delivered within collagen tubes to repair a 12\u2009mm sciatic nerve injury model in athymic nude rats. Autologous nerve grafts (autografts) and empty tubes were used for comparison. After 8 weeks functional repair was assessed using electrophysiology. Further, detailed histological and electron microscopic analysis of the repaired nerves was performed. Results indicated that EngNT-CTX supported growth of neurites and vasculature through the injury site and facilitated reinnervation of the target muscle. These findings indicate for the first time that a clinically validated allogeneic neural stem cell line can be used to construct EngNT. This provides a potential \u2018off the shelf\u2019 tissue engineering solution for the treatment of nerve injury, overcoming the limitations associated with nerve autografts or the reliance on autologous cells for populating repair constructs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20927-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]],"date-time":"2018-02-07T15:51:21Z","timestamp":1518018681000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["An allogeneic \u2018off the shelf\u2019 therapeutic strategy for peripheral nerve tissue engineering using clinical grade human neural stem cells"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"O\u2019Rourke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. G. 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