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GERD, a risk factor of BE, is linked to obstructive airways disease (OAD). We aim to identify serum biomarkers of GERD\/BE, and assess the respiratory and clinical phenotype of a longitudinal cohort of never-smoking, male, WTC-exposed rescue workers presenting with pulmonary symptoms. Biomarkers collected soon after WTC-exposure were evaluated in optimized predictive models of GERD\/BE. In the WTC-exposed cohort, the prevalence of BE is at least 6 times higher than in the general population. GERD\/BE cases had similar lung function, D<jats:sub>\n                  <jats:bold>LCO<\/jats:bold>\n                <\/jats:sub>, bronchodilator response and long-acting \u03b2-agonist use compared to controls. In confounder-adjusted regression models, TNF-\u03b1\u2009\u2265\u20096\u2009pg\/mL predicted both GERD and BE. GERD was also predicted by C-peptide\u2009\u2265\u2009360\u2009pg\/mL, while BE was predicted by fractalkine\u2009\u2265\u2009250\u2009pg\/mL and IP-10\u2009\u2265\u2009290\u2009pg\/mL. Finally, participants with GERD had significantly increased use of short-acting \u03b2-agonist compared to controls. Overall, biomarkers sampled prior to GERD\/BE presentation showed strong predictive abilities of disease development. This study frames future investigations to further our understanding of aerodigestive pathology due to particulate matter exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-21334-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]],"date-time":"2018-02-09T12:49:40Z","timestamp":1518180580000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Predictive Biomarkers of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Barrett\u2019s Esophagus in World Trade Center Exposed Firefighters: a 15 Year Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Syed H.","family":"Haider","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audrey K.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin J.","family":"Caraher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Crowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liqun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theresa M.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Zeig-Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Prezant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"21334_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0910087","volume":"362","author":"TK Aldrich","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aldrich, T. 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