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The effect of CMV-specific immune responses on systemic inflammation, immune activation and T-cell senescence was evaluated in 53 PLWHIV treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Activated-, terminally differentiated-, na\u00efve-, and senescent T-cells were assessed by flow cytometry, and plasma levels of CMV IgG, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble-CD14 were measured. In PLWHIV, expression of interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 and interferon-\u03b3 was measured by intracellular-cytokine-staining after stimulation of T-cells with CMV-pp65, CMV-IE1, and CMV-gB. Increased CMV-specific T-cell responses were associated with a higher ratio of terminally differentiated\/na\u00efve CD8+ T-cells and with increased proportions of senescent CD8+ T-cells, but not with systemic inflammation or sCD14. Increased CMV-specific CD4+ T-cell responses were associated with increased proportions of activated CD8+ T-cells. In PLWHIV with expansion of CMV-specific T-cells or increased T-cell senescence, CMV-specific polyfunctionality was maintained. That the magnitude of the CMV-specific T-cell response was associated with a senescent immune phenotype, suggests that a dysregulated immune response against CMV may contribute to the immunological ageing often described in PLWHIV despite stable cART.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-21347-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,22]],"date-time":"2018-02-22T11:13:58Z","timestamp":1519298038000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Cytomegalovirus-specific T-cells are associated with immune senescence, but not with systemic inflammation, in people living with HIV"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Vibe","family":"Ballegaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Br\u00e6ndstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin Kaereby","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolai","family":"Kirkby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anette","family":"Stryhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars P.","family":"Ryder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Gerstoft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne Dam","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"21347_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199803263381301","volume":"338","author":"FJ Palella","year":"1998","unstructured":"Palella, F. 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P.B.: Unrestricted research grant from Novartis Denmark paid to his institution. Travel grants from Roche, Celgene, Alexion, Gilead. K.K.P.: No conflicts of interest. N.K.: No conflicts of interest. ASB No conflicts of interest L.P.R.: No conflicts of interest J.G.: Honoraria for consulting and presenting paid to his institution from Gilead, Abbvie, ViiV, B.M.S., M.S.D., Janssen, and Medivir. S.D.N.: Unrestricted research grants from Novo Nordisk Foundation, Lundbeck Foundation, Augustinus Foundation, Rigshospitalet Research Council. Travelling grants from Gilead, M.S.D., B.M.S., and G.S.K.\/ViiV. Advisory board activity for Gilead and G.S.K.\/ViiV.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"3778"}}