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The black liquor (BL) generated exhibits a high chemical oxygen demand (COD), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>), and chlorophenol content, along with an augmented colour and increased pH. BL is often discharged into water bodies, where it has a negative impact on the environment. Towards that end, laccases are of great interest for bioremediation, since they can degrade aromatic and non-aromatic compounds while reducing O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> to water instead of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. As such, we evaluated <jats:italic>Pleurotus ostreatus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Pichia pastoris<\/jats:italic> (which produces rPOXA 1B laccase) in the treatment of synthetic BL (SBL) in an \u201c<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\u201d modified Kraft process followed by CuO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/visible light photocatalysis. Treating SBL with <jats:italic>P. ostreatus<\/jats:italic> viable biomass (VB) followed by CuO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/visible light photocatalysis resulted in 80.3% COD removal and 70.6% decolourisation. Toxic compounds such as 2-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol, and 2-methoxyphenol were eliminated. Post-treated SBL exhibited low phytotoxicity, as evidenced by a <jats:italic>Lactuca sativa<\/jats:italic> L seed germination index (GI)\u2009&gt;\u200950%. Likewise, SBL treatment with <jats:italic>P. pastoris<\/jats:italic> followed by VB\/CuO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:italic>\/<\/jats:italic>visible light photocatalysis resulted in 63.7% COD removal and 46% decolourisation. Moreover, this treatment resulted in the elimination of most unwanted compounds, with the exception of 4-chlorophenol. The <jats:italic>Lactuca sativa<\/jats:italic> L seed GI of the post-treated SBL was 40%, indicating moderate phytotoxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-21597-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,16]],"date-time":"2018-02-16T12:22:55Z","timestamp":1518783775000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Detoxification of pulping black liquor with Pleurotus ostreatus or recombinant Pichia pastoris followed by CuO\/TiO2\/visible photocatalysis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Claudia M.","family":"Rivera-Hoyos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin D.","family":"Morales-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juanita","family":"Abell\u00f3-Esparza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Buitrago-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Aldana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Salcedo-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ra\u00fal A.","family":"Poutou-Pi\u00f1ales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aura M.","family":"Pedroza-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"21597_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2013.08.007","volume":"10","author":"M Irfan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Irfan, M. et al. 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