{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T07:03:55Z","timestamp":1778569435839,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,27]],"date-time":"2018-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,27]],"date-time":"2018-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>4CMenB is the first broad coverage vaccine for the prevention of invasive meningococcal disease caused by serogroup B strains. To gain a comprehensive picture of the antibody response induced upon 4CMenB vaccination and to obtain relevant translational information directly from human studies, we have isolated a panel of human monoclonal antibodies from adult vaccinees. Based on the Ig-gene sequence of the variable region, 37 antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies were identified and produced as recombinant Fab fragments, and a subset also produced as full length recombinant IgG1 and functionally characterized. We found that the monoclonal antibodies were cross-reactive against different antigen variants and recognized multiple epitopes on each of the antigens. Interestingly, synergy between antibodies targeting different epitopes enhanced the potency of the bactericidal response. This work represents the first extensive characterization of monoclonal antibodies generated in humans upon 4CMenB immunization and contributes to further unraveling the immunological and functional properties of the vaccine antigens. Moreover, understanding the mechanistic nature of protection induced by vaccination paves the way to more rational vaccine design and implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22057-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T11:24:55Z","timestamp":1519212295000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Human protective response induced by meningococcus B vaccine is mediated by the synergy of multiple bactericidal epitopes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Giuliani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Bartolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Lo Surdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Buricchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1063-2522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Bruttini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Benucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Pacchiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Alleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Donnarumma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Pansegrau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Peschiera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Ferlenghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Cozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Norais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. M.","family":"Giuliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Maione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Pizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Rappuoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Finco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Masignani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"22057_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61016-2","volume":"369","author":"DS Stephens","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stephens, D. S., Greenwood, B. & Brandtzaeg, P. Epidemic meningitis, meningococcaemia, and Neisseria meningitidis. Lancet 369, 2196\u20132210 (2007).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"22057_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2013.814862","volume":"12","author":"NG Martin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Martin, N. G. & Snape, M. D. A multicomponent serogroup B meningococcal vaccine is licensed for use in Europe: what do we know, and what are we yet to learn? Expert Rev Vaccines 12, 837\u2013858 (2013).","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"22057_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i4839","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4839","volume":"354","author":"J Wise","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wise, J. MenB vaccine programme cuts cases of meningitis and septicaemia in infants. BMJ 354, i4839 (2016).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"22057_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.01.033","volume":"30","author":"D Serruto","year":"2012","unstructured":"Serruto, D., Bottomley, M. J., Ram, S., Giuliani, M. M. & Rappuoli, R. The new multicomponent vaccine against meningococcal serogroup B, 4CMenB: immunological, functional and structural characterization of the antigens. Vaccine 30(2), B87\u201397 (2012).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"22057_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-013-0155-7","volume":"74","author":"M O\u2019Ryan","year":"2014","unstructured":"O\u2019Ryan, M., Stoddard, J., Toneatto, D., Wassil, J. & Dull, P. M. A multi-component meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB): the clinical development program. Drugs 74, 15\u201330 (2014).","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"22057_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4217","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.7.4217-4223.2004","volume":"72","author":"M Comanducci","year":"2004","unstructured":"Comanducci, M. et al. NadA diversity and carriage in Neisseria meningitidis. Infect Immun 72, 4217\u20134223 (2004).","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"22057_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020407","volume":"195","author":"M Comanducci","year":"2002","unstructured":"Comanducci, M. et al. NadA, a novel vaccine candidate of Neisseria meningitidis. J Exp Med 195, 1445\u20131454 (2002).","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"22057_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00825-13","volume":"21","author":"S Bambini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bambini, S. et al. Neisseria adhesin A variation and revised nomenclature scheme. Clin Vaccine Immunol 21, 966\u2013971 (2014).","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"22057_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.02.098","volume":"27","author":"S Bambini","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bambini, S. et al. Distribution and genetic variability of three vaccine components in a panel of strains representative of the diversity of serogroup B meningococcus. Vaccine 27, 2794\u20132803 (2009).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"22057_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00027-10","volume":"17","author":"J Lucidarme","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lucidarme, J. et al. Characterization of fHbp, nhba (gna2132), nadA, porA, and sequence type in group B meningococcal case isolates collected in England and Wales during January 2008 and potential coverage of an investigational group B meningococcal vaccine. Clin Vaccine Immunol 17, 919\u2013929 (2010).","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"22057_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3770","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0915162107","volume":"107","author":"D Serruto","year":"2010","unstructured":"Serruto, D. et al. Neisseria meningitidis GNA2132, a heparin-binding protein that induces protective immunity in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107, 3770\u20133775 (2010).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"22057_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2010.05.007","volume":"47","author":"VP Ferreira","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ferreira, V. P., Pangburn, M. K. & Cortes, C. Complement control protein factor H: the good, the bad, and the inadequate. Mol Immunol 47, 2187\u20132197 (2010).","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"22057_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"I113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.11.058","volume":"26","author":"S Meri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Meri, S., Jordens, M. & Jarva, H. Microbial complement inhibitors as vaccines. Vaccine 26(8), I113\u2013117 (2008).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"22057_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021911","volume":"197","author":"V Masignani","year":"2003","unstructured":"Masignani, V. et al. Vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis using three variants of the lipoprotein GNA1870. J Exp Med 197, 789\u2013799 (2003).","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"22057_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.4.2088-2100.2004","volume":"72","author":"LD Fletcher","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fletcher, L. D. et al. Vaccine potential of the Neisseria meningitidis 2086 lipoprotein. Infect Immun 72, 2088\u20132100 (2004).","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"22057_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17128","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1419686111","volume":"111","author":"E Malito","year":"2014","unstructured":"Malito, E. et al. Structure of the meningococcal vaccine antigen NadA and epitope mapping of a bactericidal antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111, 17128\u201317133 (2014).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"22057_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9022","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C800214200","volume":"284","author":"F Cantini","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cantini, F. et al. Solution structure of the factor H-binding protein, a survival factor and protective antigen of Neisseria meningitidis. The Journal of biological chemistry 284, 9022\u20139026 (2009).","journal-title":"The Journal of biological chemistry"},{"key":"22057_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8738","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M808831200","volume":"284","author":"A Mascioni","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mascioni, A. et al. Structural Basis for the Immunogenic Properties of the Meningococcal Vaccine Candidate LP2086. The Journal of biological chemistry 284, 8738\u20138746 (2009).","journal-title":"The Journal of biological chemistry"},{"key":"22057_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1107\/S1744309111006154","volume":"67","author":"L Cendron","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cendron, L., Veggi, D., Girardi, E. & Zanotti, G. Structure of the uncomplexed Neisseria meningitidis factor H-binding protein fHbp (rLP2086). Acta crystallographica Section F, Structural biology and crystallization communications 67, 531\u2013535 (2011).","journal-title":"Acta crystallographica Section F, Structural biology and crystallization communications"},{"key":"22057_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07769","volume":"458","author":"MC Schneider","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schneider, M. C. et al. Neisseria meningitidis recruits factor H using protein mimicry of host carbohydrates. Nature 458, 890\u2013893 (2009).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"22057_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41767","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.289314","volume":"286","author":"V Esposito","year":"2011","unstructured":"Esposito, V. et al. Structure of the C-terminal domain of Neisseria heparin binding antigen (NHBA), one of the main antigens of a novel vaccine against Neisseria meningitidis. The Journal of biological chemistry 286, 41767\u201341775 (2011).","journal-title":"The Journal of biological chemistry"},{"key":"22057_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00842","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00842-15","volume":"6","author":"PT Beernink","year":"2015","unstructured":"Beernink, P. T., Giuntini, S., Costa, I., Lucas, A. H. & Granoff, D. M. Functional Analysis of the Human Antibody Response to Meningococcal Factor H Binding Protein. MBio 6, e00842 (2015).","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"22057_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.10.122","volume":"2","author":"JR Mora","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mora, J. R., Obenauer-Kutner, L. & Vimal Patel, V. Application of the Gyrolab platform to ligand-binding assays: a user\u2019s perspective. Bioanalysis 2, 1711\u20131715 (2010).","journal-title":"Bioanalysis"},{"key":"22057_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0160702","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160702","volume":"11","author":"M Domina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Domina, M. et al. Epitope Mapping of a Monoclonal Antibody Directed against Neisserial Heparin Binding Antigen Using Next Generation Sequencing of Antigen-Specific Libraries. PLoS One 11, e0160702 (2016).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"22057_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2016.1158371","volume":"8","author":"VL Cariccio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cariccio, V. L. et al. Phage display revisited: Epitope mapping of a monoclonal antibody directed against Neisseria meningitidis adhesin A using the PROFILER technology. MAbs 8, 741\u2013750 (2016).","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"22057_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3304","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1222845110","volume":"110","author":"E Malito","year":"2013","unstructured":"Malito, E. et al. Defining a protective epitope on factor H binding protein, a key meningococcal virulence factor and vaccine antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110, 3304\u20133309 (2013).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"22057_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2385-6-3","volume":"6","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhang, Z. et al. Non-invasive imaging of atherosclerotic plaque macrophage in a rabbit model with F-18 FDG PET: a histopathological correlation. BMC Nucl Med 6, 3 (2006).","journal-title":"BMC Nucl Med"},{"key":"22057_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1086\/379375","volume":"188","author":"JA Welsch","year":"2003","unstructured":"Welsch, J. A. et al. Antibody to genome-derived neisserial antigen 2132, a Neisseria meningitidis candidate vaccine, confers protection against bacteremia in the absence of complement-mediated bactericidal activity. J Infect Dis 188, 1730\u20131740 (2003).","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"22057_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04423.x","volume":"55","author":"B Capecchi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Capecchi, B. et al. Neisseria meningitidis NadA is a new invasin which promotes bacterial adhesion to and penetration into human epithelial cells. Molecular microbiology 55, 687\u2013698 (2005).","journal-title":"Molecular microbiology"},{"key":"22057_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2011.01722.x","volume":"14","author":"P Montanari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Montanari, P. et al. Human heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 interferes with Neisseria meningitidis adhesin A (NadA)-mediated adhesion and invasion. Cellular microbiology 14, 368\u2013385 (2012).","journal-title":"Cellular microbiology"},{"key":"22057_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep31458","volume":"6","author":"M Domina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Domina, M. et al. Functional characterization of a monoclonal antibody epitope using a lambda phage display-deep sequencing platform. Sci Rep 6, 31458 (2016).","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"22057_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.13-239012","volume":"28","author":"A Faleri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Faleri, A. et al. Two cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies recognize overlapping epitopes on Neisseria meningitidis factor H binding protein but have different functional properties. FASEB journal: official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 28, 1644\u20131653 (2014).","journal-title":"FASEB journal: official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology"},{"key":"22057_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00341","volume":"2","author":"DM Vu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vu, D. M., Pajon, R., Reason, D. C. & Granoff, D. M. A broadly cross-reactive monoclonal antibody against an epitope on the n-terminus of meningococcal fHbp. Sci Rep 2, 341 (2012).","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"22057_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34272","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034272","volume":"7","author":"S Giuntini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Giuntini, S., Beernink, P. T., Reason, D. C. & Granoff, D. M. Monoclonal antibodies to meningococcal factor H binding protein with overlapping epitopes and discordant functional activity. PLoS One 7, e34272 (2012).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"22057_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3751","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05182-11","volume":"79","author":"S Giuntini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Giuntini, S., Reason, D. C. & Granoff, D. M. Complement-mediated bactericidal activity of anti-factor H binding protein monoclonal antibodies against the meningococcus relies upon blocking factor H binding. Infect Immun 79, 3751\u20133759 (2011).","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"22057_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05956-11","volume":"80","author":"S Giuntini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Giuntini, S., Reason, D. C. & Granoff, D. M. Combined roles of human IgG subclass, alternative complement pathway activation, and epitope density in the bactericidal activity of antibodies to meningococcal factor h binding protein. Infect Immun 80, 187\u2013194 (2012).","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"22057_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2009.09.021","volume":"1798","author":"A Mascioni","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mascioni, A. et al. NMR dynamics and antibody recognition of the meningococcal lipidated outer membrane protein LP2086 in micellar solution. Biochim Biophys Acta 1798, 87\u201393 (2010).","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"22057_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2008.12.005","volume":"386","author":"M Scarselli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scarselli, M. et al. Epitope mapping of a bactericidal monoclonal antibody against the factor H binding protein of Neisseria meningitidis. J Mol Biol 386, 97\u2013108 (2009).","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"22057_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4232","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00367-08","volume":"76","author":"PT Beernink","year":"2008","unstructured":"Beernink, P. T. et al. Fine antigenic specificity and cooperative bactericidal activity of monoclonal antibodies directed at the meningococcal vaccine candidate factor h-binding protein. Infect Immun 76, 4232\u20134240 (2008).","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"22057_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1086\/528994","volume":"197","author":"JA Welsch","year":"2008","unstructured":"Welsch, J. A., Ram, S., Koeberling, O. & Granoff, D. M. Complement-dependent synergistic bactericidal activity of antibodies against factor H-binding protein, a sparsely distributed meningococcal vaccine antigen. J Infect Dis 197, 1053\u20131061 (2008).","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"22057_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.12.075","volume":"29","author":"DM Vu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vu, D. M., Wong, T. T. & Granoff, D. M. Cooperative serum bactericidal activity between human antibodies to meningococcal factor H binding protein and neisserial heparin binding antigen. Vaccine 29, 1968\u20131973 (2011).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"22057_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2714","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1521142113","volume":"113","author":"M Biagini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Biagini, M. et al. Expression of factor H binding protein in meningococcal strains can vary at least 15-fold and is genetically determined. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 113, 2714\u20132719 (2016).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"22057_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1207810","volume":"83","author":"S Franzoso","year":"2008","unstructured":"Franzoso, S. et al. Human monocytes\/macrophages are a target of Neisseria meningitidis Adhesin A (NadA). J Leukoc Biol 83, 1100\u20131110 (2008).","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"22057_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00430-10","volume":"193","author":"R Tavano","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tavano, R. et al. Mapping of the Neisseria meningitidis NadA cell-binding site: relevance of predicted {alpha}-helices in the NH2-terminal and dimeric coiled-coil regions. J Bacteriol 193, 107\u2013115 (2011).","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"22057_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60842-4","volume":"384","author":"RC Read","year":"2014","unstructured":"Read, R. C. et al. Effect of a quadrivalent meningococcal ACWY glycoconjugate or a serogroup B meningococcal vaccine on meningococcal carriage: an observer-blind, phase 3 randomised clinical trial. Lancet 384, 2123\u20132131 (2014).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"22057_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix446","volume":"216","author":"LA McNamara","year":"2017","unstructured":"McNamara, L. A. et al. Meningococcal Carriage Following a Vaccination Campaign With MenB-4C and MenB-FHbp in Response to a University Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease Outbreak-Oregon, 2015\u20132016. J Infect Dis 216, 1130\u20131140 (2017).","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"22057_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2005.09.034","volume":"349","author":"R Karlsson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Karlsson, R., Katsamba, P. S., Nordin, H., Pol, E. & Myszka, D. G. Analyzing a kinetic titration series using affinity biosensors. Anal Biochem 349, 136\u2013147 (2006).","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"22057_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.2.1151-1160.2005","volume":"73","author":"MM Giuliani","year":"2005","unstructured":"Giuliani, M. M. et al. The region comprising amino acids 100 to 255 of Neisseria meningitidis lipoprotein GNA 1870 elicits bactericidal antibodies. Infect Immun 73, 1151\u20131160 (2005).","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"22057_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1996.t01-4-442924.x","volume":"19","author":"Y Lemoine","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lemoine, Y., Wach, A. & Jeltsch, J. M. To be free or not: the fate of pimelate in Bacillus sphaericus and in Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol 19, 645\u2013647 (1996).","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"22057_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-008-9062-7","volume":"40","author":"MP Lefranc","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lefranc, M. P. IMGT, the International ImMunoGeneTics Information System for Immunoinformatics: methods for querying IMGT databases, tools, and web resources in the context of immunoinformatics. Mol Biotechnol 40, 101\u2013111 (2008).","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-22057-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-22057-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-22057-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T02:55:05Z","timestamp":1671591305000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-22057-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,27]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["22057"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-22057-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 October 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 February 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All authors have declared the following interests: M.G., E.B., B.G., L.S., P.L.S., F.B., N.P., D.D., W.P., I.F., R.C., N.N., M.M.G., D.M., M.P., R.R., O.F. and V.M. were employees of Novartis Vaccines at the time of the study. B.B., M.B., L.A. and I.P. were holding a PhD studentship and collaborated with GSK at the time of the study as part of their PhD training. Following the acquisition of Novartis Vaccines by the GSK group of companies in March, 2015, M.G., E.B., B.G., L.S., P.L.S., F.B., N.P., D.D., W.P., I.F., R.C., N.N., M.M.G., D.M, M.P, R.R., O.F. and V.M. are now employees of the GSK group of companies. MB is now permanent employee of Polo GGB, Siena, Italy. LA is currently employee of Eli Lilly Italia, Florence, Italy. IP is now temporary employee of Spanish National Centre of Biotechnology (CNB), Madrid, Spain.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"3700"}}