{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T05:42:03Z","timestamp":1784266923491,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525737600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathophysiology of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) associated with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is still poorly understood, potentially distinct from idiopathic RBD (iRBD), but may share affected common pathways. We investigated whether MIBG cardiac uptake differs between iRBD and NT1 comorbid with RBD. Thirty-four patients with NT1-RBD and 15 patients with iRBD underwent MIBG cardiac scintigraphy. MIBG uptake was measured by calculating the early and delayed heart to mediastinum (H\/M) ratios. A delayed H\/M ratio lower than 1.46 was considered abnormal based on a population of 78 subjects without neurological or cardiac diseases. Patients with iRBD were older, had an older RBD onset age and higher REM sleep phasic and tonic muscular activities than NT1-RBD. Lower delayed and early H\/M ratios were associated with iRBD, but not with NT1-RBD, in crude and adjusted associations. The delayed H\/M ratio differed between iRBD and controls, after adjustment, but not between patients with NT1-RBD and controls. In conclusion, the MIBG cardiac uptake difference between NT1-RBD and iRBD supports the hypothesis of different processes involved in RBD pathogenesis, providing for the first time a cardiac biomarker to differentiate those disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-25547-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]],"date-time":"2018-05-02T15:58:29Z","timestamp":1525276709000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Cardiac Sympathetic Activity differentiates Idiopathic and Symptomatic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behaviour Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Lucie","family":"Barateau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Jaussent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9gis","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Evangelista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofiene","family":"Chenini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meriem","family":"Benkiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Mariano-Goulart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Dauvilliers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"25547_CR1","unstructured":"AASM: American Academy of Sleep Medicine. ICSD-3: International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 3rd ed. American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2014)."},{"key":"25547_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)00057-0","volume":"15","author":"A Iranzo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Iranzo, A., Santamaria, J. & Tolosa, E. Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder: diagnosis, management, and the need for neuroprotective interventions. Lancet Neurol. 15, 405\u2013419 (2016).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"25547_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2010.08.002","volume":"15","author":"P-H Luppi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Luppi, P.-H. et al. The neuronal network responsible for paradoxical sleep and its dysfunctions causing narcolepsy and rapid eye movement (REM) behavior disorder. Sleep Med. Rev. 15, 153\u2013163 (2011).","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"25547_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70054-1","volume":"12","author":"BF Boeve","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boeve, B. F. Idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder in the development of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Lancet Neurol. 12, 469\u2013482 (2013).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"25547_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2236","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000249313.25627.2e","volume":"67","author":"T Miyamoto","year":"2006","unstructured":"Miyamoto, T. et al. Reduced cardiac 123I-MIBG scintigraphy in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Neurology 67, 2236\u20132238 (2006).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"25547_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.5.717","volume":"31","author":"T Miyamoto","year":"2008","unstructured":"Miyamoto, T. et al. 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy provides clues to the underlying neurodegenerative disorder in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep 31, 717\u2013723 (2008).","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"25547_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60237-2","volume":"369","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dauvilliers, Y., Arnulf, I. & Mignot, E. Narcolepsy with cataplexy. Lancet 369, 499\u2013511 (2007).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"25547_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2654","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1500587","volume":"373","author":"TE Scammell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Scammell, T. E. Narcolepsy. N. Engl. J. Med. 373, 2654\u20132662 (2015).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"25547_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.11.018","volume":"8","author":"S Nevsimalova","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nevsimalova, S., Prihodova, I., Kemlink, D., Lin, L. & Mignot, E. REM behavior disorder (RBD) can be one of the first symptoms of childhood narcolepsy. Sleep Med. 8, 784\u2013786 (2007).","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"25547_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx096","volume":"140","author":"E Antelmi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Antelmi, E. et al. The spectrum of REM sleep-related episodes in children with type 1 narcolepsy. Brain J. Neurol. 140, 1669\u20131679 (2017).","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"25547_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.10.006","volume":"14","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dauvilliers, Y., Jennum, P. & Plazzi, G. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and rapid eye movement sleep without atonia in narcolepsy. Sleep Med. 14, 775\u2013781 (2013).","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"25547_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv042","volume":"138","author":"G Mayer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mayer, G., Bitterlich, M., Kuwert, T., Ritt, P. & Stefan, H. Ictal SPECT in patients with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Brain J. Neurol. 138, 1263\u20131270 (2015).","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"issue":"119","key":"25547_CR13","first-page":"697","volume":"1996","author":"CW Christine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Christine, C. W., Marks, W. J. & Ostrem, J. L. Development of Parkinson\u2019s disease in patients with Narcolepsy. J. Neural Transm. Vienna Austria 1996(119), 697\u2013699 (2012).","journal-title":"Vienna Austria"},{"key":"25547_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1159\/000334733","volume":"67","author":"N-T Economou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Economou, N.-T., Manconi, M., Ghika, J., Raimondi, M. & Bassetti, C. L. Development of Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases in two cases of narcolepsy-cataplexy. Eur. Neurol. 67, 48\u201350 (2012).","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"25547_CR15","first-page":"226","volume":"36","author":"M Fialov\u00e1","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fialov\u00e1, M., Dvo\u0159\u00e1k, P., Du\u0161ek, P., Kovalsk\u00e1, P. & \u0160onka, K. Narcolepsy with cataplexy and Parkinson\u2019s disease. Case Report. Neuro Endocrinol. Lett. 36, 226\u2013230 (2015).","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol. Lett."},{"key":"25547_CR16","unstructured":"Mayer, G., Kesper, K., Oertel, W., H\u00f6ffken, H. & Stiasny-Kolster, K. REM Sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in narcolepsy patients as a predictor of neurodegeneration: results of a prospective clinical and imaging investigation. Sleep 36, vol. 36 Suppl pg. A236 (2013)."},{"key":"25547_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-006-0359-0","volume":"34","author":"S Yamashina","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yamashina, S. & Yamazaki, J. Neuronal imaging using SPECT. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 34, 939\u2013950 (2007).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"25547_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.01.001","volume":"30","author":"S Orimo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Orimo, S., Yogo, M., Nakamura, T., Suzuki, M. & Watanabe, H. (123)I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) cardiac scintigraphy in \u03b1-synucleinopathies. Ageing Res. Rev. 30, 122\u2013133 (2016).","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"25547_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2009.12.010","volume":"16","author":"K Kashihara","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kashihara, K., Imamura, T. & Shinya, T. Cardiac 123I-MIBG uptake is reduced more markedly in patients with REM sleep behavior disorder than in those with early stage Parkinson\u2019s disease. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 16, 252\u2013255 (2010).","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"25547_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2010.08.011","volume":"16","author":"T Nomura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nomura, T. et al. Relationship between (123)I-MIBG scintigrams and REM sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 16, 683\u2013685 (2010).","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"25547_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2010.11.020","volume":"17","author":"T Miyamoto","year":"2011","unstructured":"Miyamoto, T., Miyamoto, M., Iwanami, M. & Hirata, K. Cardiac 123I-MIBG accumulation in Parkinson\u2019s disease differs in association with REM sleep behavior disorder. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 17, 219\u2013220 (2011).","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"25547_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-005-0995-7","volume":"109","author":"S Orimo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Orimo, S. et al. Cardiac sympathetic denervation precedes neuronal loss in the sympathetic ganglia in Lewy body disease. Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.) 109, 583\u2013588 (2005).","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.)"},{"key":"25547_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3298","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp244","volume":"132","author":"RB Postuma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Postuma, R. B., Gagnon, J. F., Vendette, M. & Montplaisir, J. Y. Markers of neurodegeneration in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and Parkinson\u2019s disease. Brain J. Neurol. 132, 3298\u20133307 (2009).","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"25547_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.04.013","volume":"10","author":"T Miyamoto","year":"2009","unstructured":"Miyamoto, T. et al. Comparison of severity of obstructive sleep apnea and degree of accumulation of cardiac 123I-MIBG radioactivity as a diagnostic marker for idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep Med. 10, 577\u2013580 (2009).","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"25547_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2008.00631.x","volume":"17","author":"R Ferri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ferri, R. et al. A quantitative statistical analysis of the submentalis muscle EMG amplitude during sleep in normal controls and patients with REM sleep behavior disorder. J. Sleep Res. 17, 89\u2013100 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"25547_CR26","first-page":"48","volume":"25","author":"G Mayer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mayer, G. et al. Quantification of tonic and phasic muscle activity in REM sleep behavior disorder. J. Clin. Neurophysiol. Off. Publ. Am. Electroencephalogr. Soc. 25, 48\u201355 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurophysiol. Off. Publ. Am. Electroencephalogr. Soc."},{"key":"25547_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23257","volume":"25","author":"J Montplaisir","year":"2010","unstructured":"Montplaisir, J. et al. Polysomnographic diagnosis of idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Mov. Disord. Off. J. Mov. Disord. Soc. 25, 2044\u20132051 (2010).","journal-title":"Mov. Disord. Off. J. Mov. Disord. Soc."},{"key":"25547_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.7.844","volume":"30","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dauvilliers, Y. et al. REM sleep characteristics in narcolepsy and REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep 30, 844\u2013849 (2007).","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"25547_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.1.16","volume":"31","author":"R Ferri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ferri, R. et al. Searching for a marker of REM sleep behavior disorder: submentalis muscle EMG amplitude analysis during sleep in patients with narcolepsy\/cataplexy. Sleep 31, 1409\u20131417 (2008).","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"25547_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp320","volume":"133","author":"S Knudsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Knudsen, S., Gammeltoft, S. & Jennum, P. J. Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in patients with narcolepsy is associated with hypocretin-1 deficiency. Brain J. Neurol. 133, 568\u2013579 (2010).","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"25547_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e390","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv146","volume":"138","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dauvilliers, Y. & Peigneux, P. Ictal SPECT in patients with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Brain J. Neurol. 138, e390 (2015).","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"25547_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.02.003","volume":"12","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dauvilliers, Y. et al. Increased perfusion in supplementary motor area during a REM sleep behaviour episode. Sleep Med. 12, 531\u2013532 (2011).","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"25547_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000793","volume":"83","author":"V Donadio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Donadio, V. et al. Lower wake resting sympathetic and cardiovascular activities in narcolepsy with cataplexy. Neurology 83, 1080\u20131086 (2014).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"25547_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38977","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038977","volume":"7","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dauvilliers, Y. et al. Non-dipping blood pressure profile in narcolepsy with cataplexy. PloS One 7, e38977 (2012).","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"25547_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2010.05.002","volume":"15","author":"G Plazzi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Plazzi, G. et al. Autonomic disturbances in narcolepsy. Sleep Med. Rev. 15, 187\u2013196 (2011).","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"25547_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roth, T. et al. Effect of sodium oxybate on disrupted nighttime sleep in patients with narcolepsy. J. Sleep Res., https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.12468 (2016).","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12468"},{"key":"25547_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.02954.x","volume":"17","author":"KN Anderson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anderson, K. N., Vincent, A., Smith, I. E. & Shneerson, J. M. Cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin levels are normal in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder. Eur. J. Neurol. 17, 1105\u20131107 (2010).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"25547_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.11.2029","volume":"57","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dauvilliers, Y. et al. Age at onset of narcolepsy in two large populations of patients in France and Quebec. Neurology 57, 2029\u20132033 (2001).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"25547_CR39","unstructured":"Iber, C., Ancoli-Israel, S., Chesson, A. & Quan, S. For the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events; rules, terminology and technical specifications (2007)."},{"key":"25547_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vauchot, F. et al. Assessment of the area at risk after acute myocardial infarction using 123I-MIBG SPECT: Comparison with the angiographic APPROACH-score. J. Nucl. Cardiol. Off. Publ. Am. Soc. Nucl. Cardiol (2016).","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-016-0644-7"},{"key":"25547_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-010-1491-4","volume":"37","author":"A Flotats","year":"2010","unstructured":"Flotats, A. et al. Proposal for standardization of 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) cardiac sympathetic imaging by the EANM Cardiovascular Committee and the European Council of Nuclear Cardiology. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 37, 1802\u20131812 (2010).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-25547-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-25547-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-25547-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T05:05:23Z","timestamp":1671599123000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-25547-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["25547"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-25547-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 October 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 April 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 May 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"7304"}}