{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T07:20:12Z","timestamp":1782112812596,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,10]],"date-time":"2018-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525910400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,10]],"date-time":"2018-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>With information about frequency of bone fractures in Russia mostly missing, we assessed the frequency of previous bone fractures in a Russian population. The population-based study Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 (80.5%) out of 7328 eligible individuals (mean age: 59.0\u2009\u00b1\u200910.7 years; range: 40\u201394 years). The history of previous bone fractures was assessed in a standardized interview for 5397 (91.5%) individuals. Mean frequency of any previous bone fracture was 1650\/5397 (30.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 29, 3, 31.8). In multivariate analysis, higher frequency of bone fractures was associated with male sex (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; odds ratio (OR): 1.67; 95% CI: 1.41, 2.00), urban region (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.23, 1.72), higher prevalence of vigorous activity during leisure (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.68), current smoking (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001; OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.82) and higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007; OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.56), low blood pressure episodes with hospital admission (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001; OR: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.37, 3.16), tumbling (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; OR: 2.58; 95% CI: 1.37, 3.16) and thoracic spine pain (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.73). In women, menopause (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; OR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.47, 3.22) was additionally associated. The most common single-bone fractures involved leg and knee (229\/5397; 4.2%), hand in general (n\u2009=\u2009169; 3.1%) or hand wrist only (n\u2009=\u200997; 1.8%), arm (n\u2009=\u200994; 1.7%) and ankle (n\u2009=\u200967; 1.2%). Severe fractures included spine (n\u2009=\u200935; 0.6%), os sacrum (n\u2009=\u200910; 0.2%), skull (n\u2009=\u20096; 0.1%), pelvis (n\u2009=\u20095; 0.1%) and hip (n\u2009=\u200922; 0.4%). Most frequent combined fractures included as most important part the leg (n\u2009=\u200990; 1.7%), spine (n\u2009=\u200918; 0.3%), and hip (n\u2009=\u200918; 0.3). These data give hints on the epidemiology of bone fractures in Russia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-25928-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,4]],"date-time":"2018-05-04T15:43:09Z","timestamp":1525448589000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Frequency and Associated Factors of Bone Fractures in Russians: The Ural Eye and Medical Study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9476-8883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mukharram M.","family":"Bikbov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinat R.","family":"Fayzrakhmanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0569-1264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gyulli M.","family":"Kazakbaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinat M.","family":"Zainullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venera F.","family":"Salavatova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timur R.","family":"Gilmanshin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5537-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inga I.","family":"Arslangareeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolai A.","family":"Nikitin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songhomitra","family":"Panda-Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana R.","family":"Mukhamadieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilya F.","family":"Yakupova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renat I.","family":"Khikmatullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Said K.","family":"Aminev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ildar F.","family":"Nuriev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur F.","family":"Zaynetdinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulia V.","family":"Uzianbaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2972-5227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jost B.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"25928_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32130-X","volume":"390","author":"GBD 2016 DALYs and HALE Collaborators","year":"2017","unstructured":"GBD 2016 DALYs and HALE Collaborators. 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