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We hypothesised that <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> may undergo phenotypic adaptation in response to an increase in growth temperature. We analysed the growth curves of <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> strain 153 cultured in Luria\u2013Bertani broth at five different temperatures (25\u2009\u00b0C\u201342\u2009\u00b0C) and compared the proteomes of bacteria cultured at 37\u2009\u00b0C and 42\u2009\u00b0C. <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> exhibited the highest growth rate at 37\u2009\u00b0C with modest reductions at 30\u2009\u00b0C, 40\u2009\u00b0C and 42\u2009\u00b0C but a more marked delay at 25\u2009\u00b0C. Proteome analysis revealed 34 differentially expressed protein spots between bacterial cultures at 42\u2009\u00b0C versus 37\u2009\u00b0C. These were identified as chaperones (7 spots), metabolic enzymes (12 spots), antioxidants (10 spots), motility proteins (2 spots), structural proteins (2 spots) and hypothetical proteins (1 spot). Of the 22 down-regulated proteins at 42\u2009\u00b0C, redundancy in motility and antioxidant proteins was observed. qRT-PCR confirmed decreased expression of <jats:italic>fliC<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>katE<\/jats:italic>. Experiments on three <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> strains demonstrated that these had the highest motility, greatest resistance to H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and greatest tolerance to salt stress at 37\u2009\u00b0C. Our data suggest that temperature affects <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> motility and resistance to stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27356-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,11]],"date-time":"2018-06-11T09:09:17Z","timestamp":1528708157000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Effect of temperature on Burkholderia pseudomallei growth, proteomic changes, motility and resistance to stress environments"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Suporn","family":"Paksanont","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kitisak","family":"Sintiprungrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thatcha","family":"Yimthin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pornpan","family":"Pumirat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon J.","family":"Peacock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narisara","family":"Chantratita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"27356_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1204699","volume":"367","author":"WJ Wiersinga","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wiersinga, W. 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