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IL10 inhibits the function of Th1 type cells, and IL10 deficiency has been associated with an improved resistance against<jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>infection in a mouse model. Here, we utilized<jats:italic>M. marinum<\/jats:italic>infection in the zebrafish (<jats:italic>Danio rerio<\/jats:italic>) as a model for studying Il10 in the host response against mycobacteria. Unchallenged, nonsense<jats:italic>il10<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>e46\/e46<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>mutant zebrafish were fertile and phenotypically normal. Following a chronic mycobacterial infection,<jats:italic>il10<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>e46\/e46<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>mutants showed enhanced survival compared to the controls. This was associated with an increased expression of the Th cell marker<jats:italic>cd4-1<\/jats:italic>and a shift towards a Th1 type immune response, which was demonstrated by the upregulated expression of<jats:italic>tbx21<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>ifng1<\/jats:italic>, as well as the down-regulation of<jats:italic>gata3<\/jats:italic>. In addition, at 8 weeks post infection<jats:italic>il10<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>e46\/e46<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>mutant zebrafish had reduced expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines<jats:italic>tnfb<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>il1b<\/jats:italic>, presumably indicating slower progress of the infection. Altogether, our data show that Il10 can weaken the immune defense against<jats:italic>M. marinum<\/jats:italic>infection in zebrafish by restricting<jats:italic>ifng1<\/jats:italic>response. Importantly, our findings support the relevance of<jats:italic>M. marinum<\/jats:italic>infection in zebrafish as a model for tuberculosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-28511-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]],"date-time":"2018-07-03T14:40:45Z","timestamp":1530628845000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Interleukin 10 mutant zebrafish have an enhanced interferon gamma response and improved survival against a Mycobacterium marinum infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sanna-Kaisa E.","family":"Harjula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus J. 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