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Many GIs harbor genes that encode the molecular machinery required for their excision from the bacterial chromosome. Notably, the excision\/integration dynamics of GIs may modulate the virulence of some pathogens. Here, we report a novel family of GIs found in plant and animal <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic> pathogens that share genes with those found in ROD21, a pathogenicity island whose excision is involved in the virulence of <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic> serovar Enteritidis. In these GIs we identified a conserved set of genes that includes an excision\/integration module, suggesting that they are excisable. Indeed, we found that GIs within carbapenem-resistant <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> ST258 KP35 and enteropathogenic <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> O127:H6 E2348\/69 are excised from the bacterial genome. In addition to putative virulence factors, these GIs encode conjugative transfer-related proteins and short and full-length homologues of the global transcriptional regulator H-NS. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the identified GIs likely originated in phytopathogenic bacteria. Taken together, our findings indicate that these GIs are excisable and may play a role in bacterial interactions with their hosts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-28537-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]],"date-time":"2018-07-02T13:51:49Z","timestamp":1530539509000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Comparative and phylogenetic analysis of a novel family of Enterobacteriaceae-associated genomic islands that share a conserved excision\/integration module"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6190-9494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Pi\u00f1a-Iturbe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Ulloa-Allendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Pardo-Roa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irenice","family":"Coronado-Arr\u00e1zola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Salazar-Echegarai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Sclavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo A.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7551-8088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan M.","family":"Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"28537_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2008.11.003","volume":"17","author":"EF Boyd","year":"2009","unstructured":"Boyd, E. 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