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Totally 4704 partial <jats:italic>pol<\/jats:italic> sequences were obtained. Among them, the most common HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF) or subtype was CRF01_AE (39.0%), followed by CRF07_BC (35.6%), CRF08_BC (8.9%), and subtype B (5.5%). TDR mutations were found in 3.6% of the cases, with 1.1% harboring TDR to protease inhibitors (PIs), 1.3% having TDR to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and 1.6% to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). No significant difference was found in the prevalence of TDR, as compared with the results of another nationwide survey performed among ART na\u00efve HIV-infected people in between 2004 and 2005, except in the 16\u201325 year-old group. In addition, four drug-resistant transmission clusters were identified in phylogenetic trees, accounting for 6.2% (9\/145) of the individuals with TDR. Although the rate of TDR remained relatively low in the past 10 years in China, surveillance is still needed to monitor the trend of TDR and to optimize the first-line regimens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29202-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,10]],"date-time":"2018-08-10T13:32:28Z","timestamp":1533907948000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Prevalence of Transmitted HIV drug resistance in antiretroviral treatment na\u00efve newly diagnosed individuals in China"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Shuai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongbao","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pi","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxueyun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingjie","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhua","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"29202_CR1","unstructured":"NCAIDS N, a. 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