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In the present study, bifidobacterial rpo\u03b2 sequences were analyzed to characterize the mutations that contribute to the development of intrinsic resistance to RIF, isoniazid, streptomycin and pyrazinamide. Sequence variations, which mapped to cassettes 1 and 2 of the rpo\u03b2 pocket, are also found in multidrug-resistant <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic> (MDR <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>). Growth curves in the presence of osmolytes and different concentrations of RIF showed that the bacteria adapted rapidly by shortening the growth curve lag time. Insight into the adapted rpo\u03b2 DNA sequences revealed that <jats:italic>B. adolescentis<\/jats:italic> harbored mutations both in the RIF pocket and in regions outside the pocket. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and mutant prevention concentrations (MPCs) indicated that <jats:italic>B. longum, B. adolescentis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. animalis<\/jats:italic> are resistant to antitubercular drugs. 3D-homology modeling and binding interaction studies using computational docking suggested that mutants had reduced binding affinity towards RIF. RIF-exposed\/resistant bacteria exhibited variant protein profiles along with morphological differences, such as elongated and branched cells, surface conversion from rough to smooth, and formation of a concentrating ring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30429-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,3]],"date-time":"2018-08-03T08:48:39Z","timestamp":1533286119000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Bifidobacterium adolescentis is intrinsically resistant to antitubercular drugs"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Dhanashree","family":"Lokesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raman","family":"Parkesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajagopal","family":"kammara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"30429_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-013-5405-9","volume":"98","author":"DD Gioia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gioia, D. 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