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The results demonstrated that magnesium deficiency suppressed the growth and damaged the intestinal structural integrity of the fish. We first demonstrated that magnesium is partly involved in (1) attenuating antioxidant ability by suppressing Nrf2 signalling to decrease antioxidant enzyme mRNA levels and activities (except <jats:italic>CuZnSOD<\/jats:italic> mRNA levels and activities); (2) aggravating apoptosis by activating JNK (not p38MAPK) signalling to upregulate proapoptotic protein (<jats:italic>Apaf<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bax<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>FasL<\/jats:italic>) and <jats:italic>caspase<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>, -<jats:italic>3<\/jats:italic>, -<jats:italic>7<\/jats:italic>, -<jats:italic>8<\/jats:italic> and -<jats:italic>9<\/jats:italic> gene expression but downregulate antiapoptotic protein (<jats:italic>Bcl<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IAP<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mcl<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>1b<\/jats:italic>) gene expression; (3) weakening the function of tight junctional complexes (TJs) by promoting myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) signalling to downregulate TJ gene expression [except <jats:italic>claudin<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>7<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ZO<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>2b<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>claudin<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>15<\/jats:italic> gene expression]. Additionally, based on percent weight gain (PWG), against reactive oxygen species (ROS), against <jats:italic>caspase<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>9<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>claudin<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>3c<\/jats:italic> in grass carp, the optimal dietary magnesium levels were calculated to be 770.38, 839.86, 856.79 and 811.49\u2009mg\/kg, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30485-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,17]],"date-time":"2018-08-17T14:47:17Z","timestamp":1534517237000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Dietary magnesium deficiency impaired intestinal structural integrity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Shuo-Peng","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Dan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Yun","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Yao","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-An","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Qiu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"30485_CR1","unstructured":"Weston, J. 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