{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:36:49Z","timestamp":1789522609090,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,17]],"date-time":"2018-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534464000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,17]],"date-time":"2018-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overlap in morphologic features between malignant and benign myogenic tumors, such as leiomyosarcoma (LMS) vs. leiomyoma as well as rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) vs. rhabdomyoma, often makes differential diagnosis difficult and challenging. Here the expressions of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), Suppressor of Zeste 12 (SUZ12), retinoblastoma protein associated protein 46 (RbAp46), Embryonic Ectoderm Development (EED) and ki-67 protein were detected by immunohistochemistry to evaluate their values in differential diagnosis. The expression of EZH2 mRNA was investigated by analyzing the Gene Expression Omnibus Datasets. The results demonstrated that EZH2 protein was detected in 81.25% (26\/32) of LMS and 70.58% (36\/51) of RMS, whereas none of leiomyoma (n\u2009=\u200916), rhabdomyoma (n\u2009=\u200915) and normal tissues (n\u2009=\u200931) showed positive immunostaining (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). EZH2 protein was found to have a sensitivity of 91.30% and specificity of 100% in distinguishing well-differentiated LMS from cellular leiomyoma, and a sensitivity of 92.86% and specificity of 100% in distinguishing well-differentiated embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) from fetal rhabdomyoma. Besides, the expression of EZH2 mRNA was higher in LMS and RMS than in benign tumors (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The expressions of SUZ12 and RbAp46 protein were higher in RMS than in rhabdomyoma (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Conclusively, the high expression of EZH2 is a promising marker in distinguishing well\u2013differentiated LMS from cellular leiomyoma, or well\u2013differentiated ERMS from fetal rhabdomyoma, and the upregulation of EZH2 protein expression may occur at transcriptional level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30648-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,13]],"date-time":"2018-08-13T10:43:18Z","timestamp":1534156998000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["High expression of EZH2 as a marker for the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign myogenic tumors"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaobo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"30648_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01075","volume":"419","author":"S Varambally","year":"2002","unstructured":"Varambally, S. et al. The polycomb group protein EZH2 is involved in progression of prostate cancer. Nature 419, 624\u2013629 (2002).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"30648_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11606","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1933744100","volume":"100","author":"CG Kleer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kleer, C. G. et al. EZH2 is a marker of aggressive breast cancer and promotes neoplastic transformation of breast epithelial cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100, 11606\u201311611 (2003).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"30648_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6556","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-3946","volume":"19","author":"C Behrens","year":"2013","unstructured":"Behrens, C. et al. EZH2 protein expression associates with the early pathogenesis, tumor progression, and prognosis of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 19, 6556\u20136565 (2013).","journal-title":"Clin. 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Alterations of DNA methylation and histone modifications contribute to gene silencing in hepatocellular carcinomas. Hepatol. Res. 37, 974\u2013983 (2007).","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res."},{"key":"30648_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6790","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-1013","volume":"14","author":"AV Ougolkov","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ougolkov, A. V., Bilim, V. N. & Billadeau, D. D. Regulation of pancreatic tumor cell proliferation and chemoresistance by the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homologue 2. Clin. Cancer Res. 14, 6790\u20136796 (2008).","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"30648_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-10-524","volume":"10","author":"N Wagener","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wagener, N. et al. Enhancer of zestehomolog 2 (EZH2) expression is an independent prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma. 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