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Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect and mechanisms of action of 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> nanocapsules (NC) in the model of GA in mice, since a reduction of 33-fold in the dose of 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> has been reported. Mice were treated with 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-loaded NC, inert NC, free 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (without NC), or 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-loaded NC+ GW9662, a PPAR-\u03b3 inhibitor. We show that 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-loaded NC provided analgesic effect in a dose that the free 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> failed to inhibiting pain and inflammation. Hence, 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-loaded NC reduced MSU-induced IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-33 release and oxidative stress. Also, 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-loaded NC decreased the maturation of IL-1\u03b2 in LPS-primed BMDM triggered by MSU. Further, 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-loaded NC decreased the expression of the components of the inflammasome <jats:italic>Nlrp3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Asc<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Pro-caspase-1<\/jats:italic>, as consequence of inhibiting NF-\u03baB activation. All effects were PPAR-\u03b3-sensitive. Therefore, we demonstrated that 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-loaded NC present analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties in a PPAR-\u03b3-dependent manner inhibiting IL-1\u03b2 release and NF-\u03baB activation in GA. Concluding, 15d-PGJ<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-loaded NC ameliorates MSU-induced GA in a PPAR-\u03b3-sensitive manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32334-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,12]],"date-time":"2018-09-12T12:07:41Z","timestamp":1536754061000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["15d-PGJ2-loaded nanocapsules ameliorate experimental gout arthritis by reducing pain and inflammation in a PPAR-gamma-sensitive manner in mice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kenji W.","family":"Ruiz-Miyazawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa","family":"Staurengo-Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe A.","family":"Pinho-Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4565-7706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Fattori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7233-477X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago H.","family":"Zaninelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Badaro-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio M.","family":"Borghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ketlem C.","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana T.","family":"Clemente-Napimoga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose C.","family":"Alves-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago M.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo F.","family":"Fraceto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Q.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4472-365X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo H.","family":"Napimoga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rubia","family":"Casagrande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2756-9283","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Waldiceu A.","family":"Verri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"32334_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a016311","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a016311","volume":"7","author":"CN Serhan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Serhan, C. 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