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Morbidly obese leptin-deficient<jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic>mice are resistant to polyethylene particle-induced bone loss, suggesting that leptin, a hormone produced by adipocytes that circulates in concentrations proportional to total body adiposity, increases osteolysis. To confirm that particles induce less osteolysis in leptin-deficient mice after controlling for cold stress (room temperature)-induced bone loss,<jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic>mice on a C57BL\/6 (B6) background and colony B6 wildtype (WT) mice housed at thermoneutral temperature were randomized to control or particle treatment groups (N\u2009=\u20095\/group). Polyethylene particles were implanted over calvaria and mice sacrificed 2 weeks later. Compared to particle-treated WT mice, particle-treated<jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic>mice had lower osteolysis score, less infiltration of immune cells, and less woven bone formation. To determine the role of leptin in particle-induced osteolysis,<jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic>mice were randomized into one of 4 groups (n\u2009=\u20096\u20138\/group): (1) control, (2) particles, (3) particles\u2009+\u2009continuous leptin (osmotic pump, 6\u2009\u03bcg\/d), or (4) particles\u2009+\u2009intermittent leptin (daily injection, 40\u2009\u03bcg\/d). Leptin treatment increased particle-induced osteolysis in<jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic>mice, providing evidence that the adpiokine may play a role in inflammation-driven bone loss. Additional research is required to determine whether altering leptin levels within the physiological range results in corresponding changes in polyethylene-particle-induced osteolysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33173-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]],"date-time":"2018-09-28T08:53:41Z","timestamp":1538124821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Leptin Increases Particle-Induced Osteolysis in Female ob\/ob Mice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kenneth A.","family":"Philbrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Branscum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen P.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell T.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urszula T.","family":"Iwaniec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"33173_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-4078-8","volume":"473","author":"KJ Bozic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bozic, K. 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