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Grant Reference Number 58-056."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A tool to predict peritonitis-associated treatment failure among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients has not yet been established. We conducted a multicentre, retrospective cohort study among 1,025 PD patients between 2006 and 2016 in Thailand to develop and internally validate such a tool. Treatment failure was defined as either a requirement for catheter removal, a switch to haemodialysis, or peritonitis-associated mortality. Prediction model performances were analysed using discrimination (C-statistics) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test) tests. Predictors were weighted to calculate a risk score. In total, 435 patients with 855 episodes of peritonitis were identified; 215 (25.2%) episodes resulted in treatment failure. A total risk score of 11.5 was developed including, diabetes, systolic blood pressure &lt;90\u2009mmHg, and dialysate leukocyte count &gt;1,000\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    and &gt;100\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    on days 3\u20134 and day 5, respectively. The discrimination (C-statistic\u2009=\u20090.92; 95%CI, 0.89\u20130.94) and calibration (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05) indicated an excellent performance. No significant difference was observed in the internal validation cohort. The rate of treatment failure in the different groups was 3.0% (low-risk, &lt;1.5 points), 54.4% (moderate-risk, 1.5\u20139 points), and 89.5% (high-risk, &gt;9 points). A simplified risk-scoring scheme to predict treatment failure may be useful for clinical decision making regarding PD patients with peritonitis. External validation studies are needed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33196-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]],"date-time":"2018-09-28T05:30:12Z","timestamp":1538112612000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["A Clinical Risk Prediction Tool for Peritonitis-Associated Treatment Failure in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1100-7171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surapon","family":"Nochaiwong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7927-1425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chidchanok","family":"Ruengorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiatkriangkrai","family":"Koyratkoson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4738-8447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kednapa","family":"Thavorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ratanaporn","family":"Awiphan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chayutthaphong","family":"Chaisai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirayut","family":"Phatthanasobhon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5783-8766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kajohnsak","family":"Noppakun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuttitham","family":"Suteeka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Setthapon","family":"Panyathong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phongsak","family":"Dandecha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9358-314X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wilaiwan","family":"Chongruksut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirisak","family":"Nanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"For the Thai Renal Outcomes Research (THOR) Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongyuth","family":"Ruanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apichart","family":"Tantraworasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uraiwan","family":"Wongsawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boontita","family":"Praseartkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kittiya","family":"Sattaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suporn","family":"Busapavanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"33196_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3238","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016010112","volume":"27","author":"R Mehrotra","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mehrotra, R., Devuyst, O., Davies, S. 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