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However, to the best of our knowledge, these studies have been conducted in helminth-endemic areas with multi-helminth infections and\/or in volunteers with underlying gut disorders. Therefore, in this study, we explore the impact of natural mono-infections by the human parasite <jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:italic> on the faecal microbiota and metabolic profiles of a cohort of human volunteers from a non-endemic area of northern Italy (<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>+), pre- and post-anthelmintic treatment, and compare the findings with data obtained from a cohort of uninfected controls from the same geographical area (<jats:italic>S\u2212<\/jats:italic>). Analyses of bacterial 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing data revealed increased microbial alpha diversity and decreased beta diversity in the faecal microbial profiles of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>+ subjects compared to <jats:italic>S\u2212<\/jats:italic>. Furthermore, significant differences in the abundance of several bacterial taxa were observed between samples from <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>+ and <jats:italic>S\u2212<\/jats:italic> subjects, and between <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>+ samples collected pre- and post-anthelmintic treatment. Faecal metabolite analysis detected marked increases in the abundance of selected amino acids in <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>+ subjects, and of short chain fatty acids in <jats:italic>S\u2212<\/jats:italic> subjects. Overall, our work adds valuable knowledge to current understanding of parasite-microbiota associations and will assist future mechanistic studies aimed to unravel the causality of these relationships.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33937-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T14:24:00Z","timestamp":1539786240000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["A comprehensive analysis of the faecal microbiome and metabolome of Strongyloides stercoralis infected volunteers from a non-endemic area"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2979-5663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy P.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3203-0872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Formenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5739-3795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Piubelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Perandin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora","family":"Buonfrate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Otranto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian L.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3806-0845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lutz","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeno","family":"Bisoffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6863-2950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cinzia","family":"Cantacessi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"33937_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1111\/1574-6976.12075","volume":"38","author":"M Rajilic-Stojanovic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rajilic-Stojanovic, M. & de Vos, W. 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