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Application of this assay to analyze plasma from patients with known oxidative stress (sickle cell disease and sepsis) and from a patient with sickle cell disease treated with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine suggests that cysteine disulfides, in particular protein-bound cysteine, serve as sensitive plasma biomarkers for the extent of oxidative stress and effectiveness of antioxidant treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-35566-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]],"date-time":"2019-01-08T15:00:38Z","timestamp":1546959638000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Cysteine Disulfides (Cys-ss-X) as Sensitive Plasma Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelby A.","family":"Cate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warren","family":"Osborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7527-3933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tahsin","family":"\u00d6zpolat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara A.","family":"Konkle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junmei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"35566_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.061408","volume":"52","author":"I Dalle-Donne","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dalle-Donne, I., Rossi, R., Colombo, R., Giustarini, D. & Milzani, A. Biomarkers of oxidative damage in human disease. Clin. Chem. 52, 601\u2013623 (2006).","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"35566_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buglak, N. E., Batrakova, E. V., Mota, R. & Bahnson, E. S. M. Insights on localized and systemic delivery of redox-based therapeutics. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/2468457 (2018).","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2468457"},{"key":"35566_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.067793","volume":"52","author":"R Rossi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rossi, R., Dalle-Donne, I., Milzani, A. & Giustarini, D. Oxidized forms of glutathione in peripheral blood as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Clin. Chem. 52, 1406\u20131414 (2006).","journal-title":"Clin. 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Other authors declare no conflict of interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"115"}}