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In the current study, we explored the contribution of body fat (BF) composition, particularly visceral and nonvisceral adiposity, to lung function deterioration. In addition, we examined gender- and age-specific differences in the association between the joint effects of BF% and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations with lung function. This cross-sectional study involved 17,802 subjects undergoing health check-up. Clinical characteristics, body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and lung function were evaluated and compared between genders. Subjects were stratified by gender-specific BF% cut-offs for evaluating the association of body composition and the risk of restrictive lung disease (RLD). Gender differences in the joint effects of BF% and CRP on lung function were observed. Visceral obesity increased the risk of RLD in women aged \u226545 years, but nonvisceral obesity reduced the risk of RLD in women aged &lt;45 years. Our findings suggest that visceral fat <jats:italic>per se<\/jats:italic> can be used as an effective parameter to assess the association between lung function and obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36860-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,23]],"date-time":"2019-01-23T11:32:59Z","timestamp":1548243179000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Gender- and Age-Specific Associations Between Body Fat Composition and C-Reactive Protein with Lung Function: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yu-Chung","family":"Tsao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Yen","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jau-Yuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Chung","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung-Hsun","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Cheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"36860_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)01081-X","volume":"116","author":"JS Flier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Flier, J. 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