{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T17:58:28Z","timestamp":1780336708255,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01GM089918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01GM089918"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been linked to toxicity in patients, regardless of having impaired or normal renal function. Currently, no therapy is considered highly effective for removing gadolinium (Gd) from the body. We propose a new strategy to reduce blood Gd content that facilitates whole body removal of Gd using a hemoperfusion system consisting of a cartridge of porous silica beads (Davisil\u00ae) functionalized with 1,2-hydroxypyridinone (1,2-HOPO). Herein, we report optimization of the hemoperfusion system using an ex vivo blood and an <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> rat model of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In our ex vivo system, 1,2-HOPO-Davisil outperformed Gambro activated charcoal (AC), which is commonly used in clinical hemoperfusion of aqueous toxins, in terms of Gd capture capacity and rate. In the CKD rat model, the 1,2-HOPO-Davisil hemoperfusion system removed Gd by 3.4 times over the Gambro AC system. 1,2-HOPO-Davisil did not change complete blood counts and common blood biochemistry. Thus, this strategy has great potential for clinical translation to manage GBCAs after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), before Gd can deposit in the body and cause long-term toxicity. Although gadodiamide was used as a proof of concept model for GBCAs in this study, 1,2-HOPO functionalized mesoporous silica could also capture dissociated Gd and other GBCAs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37348-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T11:04:17Z","timestamp":1548327857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Removal of a gadolinium based contrast agent by a novel sorbent hemoperfusion in a chronic kidney disease (CKD) rodent model"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Worapol","family":"Ngamcherdtrakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingga","family":"Morry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanapon","family":"Sangvanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moataz","family":"Reda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Bejan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glen E.","family":"Fryxell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wassana","family":"Yantasee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"37348_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfk062","volume":"21","author":"T Grobner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Grobner, T. Gadolinium \u2013 a specific trigger for the development of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis? Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 21, 1104\u20131108, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfk062 (2006).","journal-title":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"},{"key":"37348_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-016-9931-7","volume":"29","author":"M Rogosnitzky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rogosnitzky, M. & Branch, S. Gadolinium-based contrast agent toxicity: a review of known and proposed mechanisms. Biometals 29, 365\u2013376, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10534-016-9931-7 (2016).","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"key":"37348_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.15.15842","volume":"207","author":"RC Semelka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Semelka, R. C., Ramalho, M., AlObaidy, M. & Ramalho, J. Gadolinium in Humans: A Family of Disorders. AJR. American journal of roentgenology 207, 229\u2013233, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.15.15842 (2016).","journal-title":"AJR. American journal of roentgenology"},{"key":"37348_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015142690","volume":"276","author":"T Kanda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kanda, T. et al. Gadolinium-based Contrast Agent Accumulates in the Brain Even in Subjects without Severe Renal Dysfunction: Evaluation of Autopsy Brain Specimens with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy. Radiology 276, 228\u2013232, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2015142690 (2015).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"37348_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1039\/B905145G","volume":"1","author":"TH Darrah","year":"2009","unstructured":"Darrah, T. H. et al. Incorporation of excess gadolinium into human bone from medical contrast agents. Metallomics 1, 479\u2013488, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/B905145G (2009).","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"37348_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000181","volume":"50","author":"P Robert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Robert, P. et al. T1-Weighted Hypersignal in the Deep Cerebellar Nuclei After Repeated Administrations of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Healthy Rats: Difference Between Linear and Macrocyclic Agents. Investigative Radiology 50, 473\u2013480, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000181 (2015).","journal-title":"Investigative Radiology"},{"key":"37348_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2223-4292.2015.05.03","volume":"5","author":"Y-XJ W\u00e1ng","year":"2015","unstructured":"W\u00e1ng, Y.-X. J. et al. Total gadolinium tissue deposition and skin structural findings following the administration of structurally different gadolinium chelates in healthy and ovariectomized female rats. Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery 5, 534\u2013545, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3978\/j.issn.2223-4292.2015.05.03 (2015).","journal-title":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery"},{"key":"37348_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-008-9135-x","volume":"21","author":"M Port","year":"2008","unstructured":"Port, M. et al. Efficiency, thermodynamic and kinetic stability of marketed gadolinium chelates and their possible clinical consequences: a critical review. BioMetals 21, 469\u2013490, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10534-008-9135-x (2008).","journal-title":"BioMetals"},{"key":"37348_CR9","unstructured":"FDA. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns that gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are retained in the body; requires new class warnings. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/Drugs\/DrugSafety\/ucm589213.htm (2017)."},{"key":"37348_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2016.09.005","volume":"34","author":"J Ramalho","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ramalho, J., Ramalho, M., Jay, M., Burke, L. M. & Semelka, R. C. Gadolinium toxicity and treatment. Magnetic Resonance Imaging 34, 1394\u20131398, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mri.2016.09.005 (2016).","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"key":"37348_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/ndtplus\/sfp042","volume":"2","author":"N Leung","year":"2009","unstructured":"Leung, N. et al. Chelation of gadolinium with deferoxamine in a patient with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. NDT Plus 2, 309\u2013311, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndtplus\/sfp042 (2009).","journal-title":"NDT Plus"},{"key":"37348_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2009.05.002","volume":"6","author":"W Yantasee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yantasee, W. et al. Novel sorbents for removal of gadolinium-based contrast agents in sorbent dialysis and hemoperfusion: preventive approaches to nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 6, 1\u20138, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nano.2009.05.002 (2010).","journal-title":"Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"37348_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22511-6","volume":"8","author":"JA Rees","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rees, J. A. et al. Evaluating the potential of chelation therapy to prevent and treat gadolinium deposition from MRI contrast agents. 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This potential personal and institutional conflict of interest has been reviewed and managed by OHSU. The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"709"}}