{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:44:17Z","timestamp":1793331857614,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]],"date-time":"2019-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548720000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]],"date-time":"2019-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many species of chiton are known to deposit magnetite (Fe<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) within the cusps of their heavily mineralized and ultrahard radular teeth. Recently, much attention has been paid to the ultrastructural design and superior mechanical properties of these radular teeth, providing a promising model for the development of novel abrasion resistant materials. Here, we constructed <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> assembled transcripts from the radular tissue of <jats:italic>C. stelleri<\/jats:italic> that were used for transcriptome and proteome analysis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the top 20 most highly expressed transcripts in the non-mineralized teeth region include the transcripts encoding ferritin, while those in the mineralized teeth region contain a high proportion of mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins. Proteomic analysis identified 22 proteins that were specifically expressed in the mineralized cusp. These specific proteins include a novel protein that we term radular teeth matrix protein1 (RTMP1), globins, peroxidasins, antioxidant enzymes and a ferroxidase protein. This study reports the first <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> transcriptome assembly from <jats:italic>C. stelleri<\/jats:italic>, providing a broad overview of radular teeth mineralization. This new transcriptomic resource and the proteomic profiles of mineralized cusp are valuable for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms of radular teeth mineralization in chitons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37839-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]],"date-time":"2019-01-29T11:03:17Z","timestamp":1548759797000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of a molecular mechanism of radular teeth biomineralization in Cryptochiton stelleri"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Michiko","family":"Nemoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongni","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songqin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Inagaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kisailus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"37839_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1962)73[435:MIDCIR]2.0.CO;2","volume":"73","author":"HA Lowenstam","year":"1962","unstructured":"Lowenstam, H. A. Magnetite in Denticle Capping in Recent Chitons. Geological Society of America Bulletin 73, 435\u2013438 (1962).","journal-title":"Geological Society of America Bulletin"},{"key":"37839_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1126\/science.170679","volume":"190","author":"R Blakemore","year":"1975","unstructured":"Blakemore, R. Magnetotactic bacteria. Science 190, 377\u2013379 (1975).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"37839_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1126\/science.201.4360.1026","volume":"201","author":"JL Gould","year":"1978","unstructured":"Gould, J. L., Kirschvink, J. L. & Deffeyes, K. S. Bees have magnetic remanence. Science 201, 1026\u20131028, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.201.4360.1026 (1978).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"37839_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00618127","volume":"157","author":"JL Kirschvink","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kirschvink, J. L., Walker, M. M., Chang, S.-B., Dizon, A. E. & Peterson, K. A. Chains of single-domain magnetite particles in chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. J Comp Physiol A 157, 375\u2013381 (1985).","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol A"},{"key":"37839_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1126\/science.472725","volume":"205","author":"C Walcott","year":"1979","unstructured":"Walcott, C., Gould, J. L. & Kirschvink, J. L. Pigeons have magnets. Science 205, 1027\u20131029 (1979).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"37839_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6386","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.183434","volume":"286","author":"M Tanaka","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tanaka, M., Mazuyama, E., Arakaki, A. & Matsunaga, T. MMS6 Protein Regulates Crystal Morphology during Nano-sized Magnetite Biomineralization in Vivo. Journal of Biological Chemistry 286, 6386\u20136392, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M110.183434 (2011).","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"37839_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12683","volume":"93","author":"A Arakaki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Arakaki, A., Yamagishi, A., Fukuyo, A., Tanaka, M. & Matsunaga, T. Co-ordinated functions of Mms proteins define the surface structure of cubo-octahedral magnetite crystals in magnetotactic bacteria. Molecular Microbiology 93, 554\u2013567, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mmi.12683 (2014).","journal-title":"Molecular Microbiology"},{"key":"37839_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5593","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0914439107","volume":"107","author":"D Murat","year":"2010","unstructured":"Murat, D., Quinlan, A., Vali, H. & Komeili, A. Comprehensive genetic dissection of the magnetosome gene island reveals the step-wise assembly of a prokaryotic organelle. 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