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We evaluated the performance of cystatin C-based equations alone or in combination with creatinine to estimate GFR in DM patients. A PRISMA-compliant systematic review was performed in the MEDLINE and Embase databases, with \u201cdiabetes mellitus\u201d and \u201ccystatin C\u201d as search terms. Studies comparing cystatin C-based eGFR equations with measured GFR (mGFR) in DM patients were eligible. Accuracies P10, P15, P20, and P30 indicated the proportion of eGFR results within 10, 15, 20, and 30% of mGFR. Single-arm meta-analyses were conducted, and the Quality of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-II tool (QUADAS-2) was applied. Twenty-three studies comprising 7065 participants were included, and 24 equations were analyzed in a broad range of GFRs. Meta-analyses were completed for 10 equations. The mean P30 accuracies of the equations ranged from 41% to 87%, with the highest values found with both CKD-EPI equations. Mean P10-P15 achieved 35% in the best scenario. A sensitivity analysis to evaluate different mGFR methods did not change results. In conclusion, cystatin C-based eGFR equations represent measured GFR fairly at best in DM patients, with high variability among the several proposed equations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-38286-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,5]],"date-time":"2019-02-05T11:04:11Z","timestamp":1549364651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Performance of Cystatin C-Based Equations for Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Diabetes Patients: A Prisma-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Amanda Veiga","family":"Cheuiche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Luis Ferreira","family":"Azeredo-da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra Pinho","family":"Silveiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"38286_CR1","unstructured":"United States Renal Data System. 2017 USD annual data report https:\/\/www.usrds.org\/2017\/download\/v1_c01_GenPop_17.pdf (2017)."},{"key":"38286_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2015-205834","volume":"70","author":"SM Barreto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barreto, S. 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