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Herein, we evaluate the effect of low and moderate refractive errors on pupillary responses to blue- and red-light stimuli in a healthy older population. This study included 139 participants (\u226550 years) grouped by refractive error: moderate myopes (&gt;\u22126.0D and \u2264\u22123.0D, n\u2009=\u200924), low myopes (&gt;\u22123.0D and &lt;\u22120.5D, n\u2009=\u200930), emmetropes (\u2265\u22120.5D and \u22640.5D, n\u2009=\u200931) and hyperopes (&gt;0.5D and &lt;6.0D, n\u2009=\u200954). Participants were exposed to logarithmically ramping-up blue (462\u2009nm) and red (638\u2009nm) light stimuli, designed to sequentially activate rods, cones and intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. Pupil size was assessed monocularly using infra-red pupillography. Baseline pupil diameter correlated inversely with spherical equivalent (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.26, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), and positively with axial length (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.37, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and anterior chamber depth (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.43, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Baseline-adjusted pupillary constriction amplitudes to blue light did not differ between groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.45), while constriction amplitudes to red light were greater in hyperopes compared to emmetropes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) at moderate to bright light intensities (12.25\u201314.0 Log photons\/cm\u00b2\/s). Our results demonstrate that low and moderate myopia do not alter pupillary responses to ramping-up blue- and red-light stimuli in healthy older individuals. Conversely, pupillary responses to red light should be interpreted cautiously in hyperopic eyes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41296-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T11:03:45Z","timestamp":1553079825000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effects of low and moderate refractive errors on chromatic pupillometry"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1300-7442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. 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The rest of the authors have no competing interests to declare.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"4945"}}