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The mammal community in Fennoscandia differs from continental Europe, and we have limited data on potential competent and incompetent hosts of the different genospecies of <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> sensu lato (sl) at the northern distribution ranges where Lyme borreliosis is emerging. We used qPCR to determine presence of <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> sl in tissue samples (ear) from 16 mammalian species and questing ticks from Norway, and we sequenced the 5S\u201323\u2009S rDNA intergenic spacer region to determine genospecies from 1449 qPCR-positive isolates obtaining 423 sequences. All infections coming from small rodents and shrews were linked to the genospecies <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>afzelii<\/jats:italic>, while <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> sensu stricto (ss) was only found in red squirrels (<jats:italic>Sciurus vulgaris<\/jats:italic>). Red squirrels were also infected with <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>afzelii<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>garinii<\/jats:italic>. There was no evidence of <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> sl infection in moose (<jats:italic>Alces alces<\/jats:italic>), red deer (<jats:italic>Cervus elaphus<\/jats:italic>) or roe deer (<jats:italic>Capreolus capreolus<\/jats:italic>), confirming the role of cervids as incompetent hosts. In infected questing ticks in the two western counties, <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>afzelii<\/jats:italic> (67% and 75%) dominated over <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>garinii<\/jats:italic> (27% and 21%) and with only a few recorded <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> ss and <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>valaisiana<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> ss were more common in adult ticks than in nymphs, consistent with a reservoir in squirrels. Our study identifies potential competent hosts for the different genospecies, which is key to understand transmission cycles at high latitudes of Europe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41686-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T11:03:11Z","timestamp":1553511791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Genospecies of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in 16 mammal species and questing ticks from northern Europe"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8993-7382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atle","family":"Mysterud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vetle M.","family":"Stigum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryanne I.","family":"Jaarsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hein","family":"Sprong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"41686_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2014.10.001","volume":"10","author":"MG Buhnerkempe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Buhnerkempe, M. 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