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The purpose of this study was to examine the protective effect of royal jelly on Cd-induced nephrotoxicity. Adult male mice were distributed randomly into 4 clusters: untreated, royal jelly-treated (85\u2009mg\/kg, oral), CdCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    -treated (6.5\u2009mg\/kg, intraperitoneal), and pretreated with royal jelly (85\u2009mg\/kg) 2\u2009h before CdCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    injection (6.5\u2009mg\/kg, intraperitoneal) for seven consecutive days. Cd concentration in the renal tissue and absolute kidney weight of the Cd-treated mice were significantly higher than those of control group. The levels of kidney function markers, kidney injury molecules-1 (KIM-1), metallothionein, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, interleukin-1\u03b2, and the apoptosis regulators Bax and caspases-3 also increased significantly in the renal tissue of Cd-treated mice, whereas the levels of glutathione, antioxidant enzyme activities, and the apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-2 were significantly reduced in the renal tissue of Cd-treated group. Histopathological studies showed vacuolation and congested glomeruli in the kidney tissue of Cd-treated mice. However, all aforementioned Cd-induced changes were attenuated by pretreatment with royal jelly. We therefore concluded that royal jelly attenuated Cd-induced nephrotoxicity and it is suggested that this nephroprotective effect could be linked to its ability to promote the nuclear factor erythroid 2\u2013related factor 2 (Nrf2)\/antioxidant responsive element (ARE) pathway.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42368-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T06:03:51Z","timestamp":1554789831000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Royal jelly attenuates cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity in male mice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Rafa S.","family":"Almeer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gadah I.","family":"AlBasher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0689-7117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saud","family":"Alarifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Alkahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daoud","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2654-2591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed E.","family":"Abdel Moneim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"42368_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.02.007","volume":"114","author":"KS Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim, K. 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