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The clinical heterogeneity of CVID has hindered identification of an underlying immune defect; diagnosis relies on clinical judgement, alongside evidence-based criteria. The lack of pathognomonic clinical or laboratory features leads to average diagnostic delays of 5 years or more from the onset. Vibrational spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have recently gained increasing clinical importance, being rapid-, non-invasive and inexpensive methods to obtain information on the content of biological samples. This has led us to apply FTIR spectroscopy to the investigation of blood samples from a cohort of CVID patients; revealing spectral features capable of stratifying CVID patients from healthy controls with sensitivities and specificities of 97% and 93%, respectively for serum, and 94% and 95%, respectively for plasma. Furthermore we identified several discriminating spectral biomarkers; wavenumbers in regions indicative of nucleic acids (984\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, 1053\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, 1084\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, 1115\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, 1528\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, 1639\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), and a collagen-associated biomarker (1528\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), which\u00a0may represent future candidate biomarkers and provide new knowledge on the aetiology of CVID. This proof-of-concept study provides a basis for developing a novel diagnostic tool for CVID.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43196-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T10:04:37Z","timestamp":1557482677000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["New approach to investigate Common Variable Immunodeficiency patients using spectrochemical analysis of blood"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Callery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilo L. 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