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We report a 3,370-bp insertion in a cadherin gene associated with resistance to Bt toxin Cry1Ac in the pink bollworm (<jats:italic>Pectinophora gossypiella<\/jats:italic>), a devastating global cotton pest. We found the allele (<jats:italic>r15<\/jats:italic>) harboring this insertion in a field population from China. The insertion is a miniature inverted repeat transposable element (MITE) that contains two additional transposons and produces two mis-spliced transcript variants (<jats:italic>r15A<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>r15B<\/jats:italic>). A strain homozygous for <jats:italic>r15<\/jats:italic> had 290-fold resistance to Cry1Ac, little or no cross-resistance to Cry2Ab, and completed its life cycle on Bt cotton producing Cry1Ac. Inheritance of resistance was recessive and tightly linked with <jats:italic>r15<\/jats:italic>. For transformed insect cells, susceptibility to Cry1Ac was greater for cells producing the wild-type cadherin than for cells producing the <jats:italic>r15<\/jats:italic> mutant proteins. Recombinant cadherin protein occurred on the cell surface in cells transformed with the wild-type or <jats:italic>r15A<\/jats:italic> sequences, but not in cells transformed with the <jats:italic>r15B<\/jats:italic> sequence. The similar resistance of pink bollworm to Cry1Ac in laboratory- and field-selected insects from China, India and the U.S. provides a basis for developing international resistance management practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43889-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]],"date-time":"2019-05-16T10:05:46Z","timestamp":1558001146000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Transposon insertion causes cadherin mis-splicing and confers resistance to Bt cotton in pink bollworm from China"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jintao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuemin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengbo","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kongming","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3893-9545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Fabrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianchun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2430-2367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce E.","family":"Tabashnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"43889_CR1","unstructured":"James, C. 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