{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T18:52:31Z","timestamp":1778698351620,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]],"date-time":"2019-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]],"date-time":"2019-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants from the Jining Science and Technology Burea"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood pressure (BP), especially systolic BP (SBP), is higher in adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) patients than in normal controls. Additionally, obesity is a known risk factor for hypertension, and growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is an important cause of short stature. For children with GHD, attention has been directed solely towards height. Few studies have assessed its potential impact on BP. Here, we investigated the effect of body mass index standard deviation score (BMISDS) on BP in children with short stature. This study included 736 children with short stature divided into two groups based on peak growth hormone (GH) level in GH provocation tests [severe GHD (SGHD) group\u2009=\u2009212 children; non-SGHD group\u2009=\u2009524 children]. We found that SBP was significantly higher in the SGHD group than in the non-SGHD group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.045). Additionally, there was a significant positive association between BMISDS and SBP in the SGHD group (\u03b2\u2009=\u20093.12, 95% CI: 1.40\u20134.84, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), but no association between these variables was observed in the non-SGHD group. Thus, SGHD patients had a higher SBP than non-SGHD patients. BMISDS is a significant factor for higher SBP in SGHD patients but not in non-SGHD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44299-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]],"date-time":"2019-05-27T10:02:26Z","timestamp":1558951346000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Growth hormone peak modifies the effect of BMI on increased systolic blood pressure in children with short stature"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yanying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3609-6246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanling","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baolan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"44299_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2006.01858.x","volume":"23","author":"KG Alberti","year":"2006","unstructured":"Alberti, K. G., Zimmet, P. & Shaw, J. Metabolic syndrome\u2013a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabetic medicine: a journal of the British Diabetic Association 23, 469\u2013480, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2006.01858.x (2006).","journal-title":"Diabetic medicine: a journal of the British Diabetic Association"},{"key":"44299_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-014-0327-6","volume":"48","author":"J Isgaard","year":"2015","unstructured":"Isgaard, J., Arcopinto, M., Karason, K. & Cittadini, A. GH and the cardiovascular system: an update on a topic at heart. Endocrine 48, 25\u201335, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-014-0327-6 (2015).","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"44299_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1159\/000444143","volume":"85","author":"C De Leonibus","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Leonibus, C. et al. Growth Hormone Deficiency in Prepubertal Children: Predictive Markers of Cardiovascular Disease. Hormone research in paediatrics 85, 363\u2013371, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000444143 (2016).","journal-title":"Hormone research in paediatrics"},{"key":"44299_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-019-0915-1","volume":"21","author":"JB Cohen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cohen, J. B. & Gadde, K. M. Weight Loss Medications in the Treatment of Obesity and Hypertension. Current hypertension reports 21, 16, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11906-019-0915-1 (2019).","journal-title":"Current hypertension reports"},{"key":"44299_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2978","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2600","volume":"93","author":"R Schweizer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schweizer, R., Martin, D. D., Schonau, E. & Ranke, M. B. Muscle function improves during growth hormone therapy in short children born small for gestational age: results of a peripheral quantitative computed tomography study on body composition. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 93, 2978\u20132983, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2007-2600 (2008).","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"},{"key":"44299_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(95)90228-7","volume":"44","author":"HA Wollmann","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wollmann, H. A. & Ranke, M. B. Metabolic effects of growth hormone in children. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 44, 97\u2013102 (1995).","journal-title":"Metabolism: clinical and experimental"},{"key":"44299_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2016.11.004","volume":"30","author":"J Rothermel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rothermel, J. & Reinehr, T. Metabolic alterations in paediatric GH deficiency. Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism 30, 757\u2013770, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beem.2016.11.004 (2016).","journal-title":"Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism"},{"issue":"8","key":"44299_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18081621","volume":"18","author":"Darlene Berryman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Berryman, D. E. & List, E. O. Growth Hormone\u2019s Effect on Adipose Tissue: Quality versus Quantity. International journal of molecular sciences 18, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms18081621 (2017).","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"44299_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.5.8474","volume":"87","author":"JA Barreto-Filho","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barreto-Filho, J. A. et al. Familial isolated growth hormone deficiency is associated with increased systolic blood pressure, central obesity, and dyslipidemia. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 87, 2018\u20132023, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem.87.5.8474 (2002).","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"},{"key":"44299_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-015-0530-0","volume":"49","author":"C Lubrano","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lubrano, C. et al. Severe growth hormone deficiency and empty sella in obesity: a cross-sectional study. Endocrine 49, 503\u2013511, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-015-0530-0 (2015).","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"44299_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2017.04.001","volume":"34","author":"A Tidblad","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tidblad, A., Gustafsson, J., Marcus, C., Ritzen, M. & Ekstrom, K. Metabolic differences between short children with GH peak levels in the lower normal range and healthy children of normal height. Growth hormone & IGF research: official journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society 34, 22\u201327, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ghir.2017.04.001 (2017).","journal-title":"Growth hormone & IGF research: official journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society"},{"key":"44299_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00056","volume":"9","author":"S Gonzalez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gonzalez, S., Sathyapalan, T., Javed, Z. & Atkin, S. L. Effects of Growth Hormone Replacement on Peripheral Muscle and Exercise Capacity in Severe Growth Hormone Deficiency. Frontiers in endocrinology 9, 56, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2018.00056 (2018).","journal-title":"Frontiers in endocrinology"},{"key":"44299_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00197","volume":"5","author":"TM Brady","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brady, T. M. Obesity-Related Hypertension in. Children. Frontiers in pediatrics 5, 197, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2017.00197 (2017).","journal-title":"Children. Frontiers in pediatrics"},{"key":"44299_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2394","volume":"99","author":"C Gazzaruso","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gazzaruso, C., Gola, M., Karamouzis, I., Giubbini, R. & Giustina, A. Cardiovascular risk in adult patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency and following substitution with GH\u2013an update. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 99, 18\u201329, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2013-2394 (2014).","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"},{"key":"44299_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060517723798","volume":"45","author":"S Gonzalez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gonzalez, S. et al. Effects of human recombinant growth hormone on exercise capacity, cardiac structure, and cardiac function in patients with adult-onset growth hormone deficiency. 45, 1708\u20131719, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300060517723798 (2017).","journal-title":"Effects of human recombinant growth hormone on exercise capacity, cardiac structure, and cardiac function in patients with adult-onset growth hormone deficiency."},{"key":"44299_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1569402","volume":"124","author":"L Chan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chan, L. et al. Lipid Accumulation Product: a Simple and Accurate Index for Predicting Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency. Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes: official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association 124, 220\u2013224, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1569402 (2016).","journal-title":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes: official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association"},{"key":"44299_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-7435(87)90087-9","volume":"16","author":"RJ Garrison","year":"1987","unstructured":"Garrison, R. J., Kannel, W. B., Stokes, J. 3rd & Castelli, W. P. Incidence and precursors of hypertension in young adults: the Framingham Offspring Study. 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Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates in United States adults between 1988-1994 and 1999-2004. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979) 52, 818\u2013827, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.108.113357 (2008).","journal-title":"Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979)"},{"key":"44299_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1000862","volume":"13","author":"IS Okosun","year":"1999","unstructured":"Okosun, I. S., Prewitt, T. E. & Cooper, R. S. Abdominal obesity in the United States: prevalence and attributable risk of hypertension. Journal of human hypertension 13, 425\u2013430 (1999).","journal-title":"Journal of human hypertension"},{"issue":"1122","key":"44299_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.116.07306","volume":"68","author":"E Seven","year":"2016","unstructured":"Seven, E., Thuesen, B. H., Linneberg, A. & Jeppesen, J. L. 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Standardized centile curves and reference intervals of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels in a normal Japanese population using the LMS method. Endocrine journal 59, 771\u2013780 (2012).","journal-title":"Endocrine journal"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-44299-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-44299-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-44299-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T09:54:02Z","timestamp":1671270842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-44299-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["44299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-44299-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 December 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"7879"}}