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Skin contains several UV-sensitive chromophores and exposure to sunlight can produce molecules, such as vitamin D3, that act in an endocrine manner. We investigated the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), an environmental sensor and ligand-regulated transcription factor activated by numerous planar compounds of endogenous, dietary or environmental origin. 15- to 30-minute exposure of cells to a minimal erythemal dose of UVB irradiation\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    induced translocation of the AHR to the nucleus, rapidly inducing site-specific DNA binding and target gene regulation. Importantly,\n                    <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies with\n                    <jats:italic>Ahr<\/jats:italic>\n                    wild-type or null fibroblasts showed that serum from mice whose skin was exposed to a 15\u2009min UVB dose, but not control serum, contained agonist activity within 30\u2009min of UV irradiation, inducing AHR-dependent gene expression. Moreover, a 15-min cutaneous UVB exposure induced AHR site-specific DNA binding and target gene regulation\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    within 3\u20136\u2009hr post-irradiation in blood and in peripheral tissues, including intestine. These results show that cutaneous exposure of mice to a single minimal erythemic dose of UVB induces rapid AHR signaling in multiple peripheral organs, providing compelling evidence that moderate sun exposure can exert endocrine control of immunity through the AHR.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44862-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,11]],"date-time":"2019-06-11T06:02:53Z","timestamp":1560232973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Endocrine aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling is induced by moderate cutaneous exposure to ultraviolet light"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4754-6217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Babak","family":"Memari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loan","family":"Nguyen-Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reyhaneh","family":"Salehi-Tabar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Zago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorg H.","family":"Fritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn J.","family":"Baglole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Goltzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4785-2687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John H.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"44862_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.1.7.8","volume":"1","author":"AR Masten","year":"1935","unstructured":"Masten, A. 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