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There is an urgent need for clinical markers and identification of targets to prevent, treat and limit intestinal fibrosis. This study investigated the contribution of major T cell cytokines and T regulatory cells (Tregs) to inflammation and fibrosis induced in a model of experimental colitis by oral intake of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in wild type and IL-13 knock-out C57Bl\/6 mice. Inflammation and fibrosis were scored by macroscopic and histological examination and fibrosis was quantified by hydroxyproline. Numbers of Tregs and IFN-\u03b3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , IL-13\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and IL-17A\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T helper (Th) cells in mesenteric lymph nodes increased during chronic DSS administration and mRNA for IFN-\u03b3 and IL-17 in the inflamed colon tissue was upregulated. However, antibody-mediated neutralisation of IFN-\u03b3 or IL-17A\/F in a therapeutic setting had no effect on chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. Antibody-mediated depletion of Tregs did not enhance fibrosis, nor did IL-13 deficiency have an effect on the fibrotic disease. These data argue against an important contribution of Tregs and of the cytokines IFN-\u03b3, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-17F in the induction and\/or control of fibrosis in this Crohn\u2019s disease like murine model.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46472-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T09:50:39Z","timestamp":1562838639000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Fibrogenesis in Chronic DSS Colitis is Not Influenced by Neutralisation of Regulatory T Cells, of Major T Helper Cytokines or Absence of IL-13"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1634-8875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brecht","family":"Creyns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Cremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Hoshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karel","family":"Geboes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gert","family":"de Hertogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Ferrante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9942-3019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Vermeire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan L.","family":"Ceuppens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gert","family":"Van Assche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Breynaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"46472_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11582","volume":"491","author":"L Jostins","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jostins, L. et al. 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G.V.A. reports financial support for research from Abbott and Ferring Pharmaceuticals; lecture fees from Janssen, MSD and Abbott; consultancy fees from PDL BioPharma, UCB Pharma, Sanofi-Aventis, Abbott, Abbvie, Ferring, Novartis, Biogen Idec, Janssen Biologics, NovoNordisk, Zealand Pharma A\/S, Millenium\/Takeda, Shire, Novartis and Bristol Mayer Squibb. SV reports financial support for research: MSD, AbbVie, Takeda, Pfizer, J&J; Lecture fees: MSD, AbbVie, Takeda, Ferring, Centocor, Hospira, Pfizer, J&J, Genentech\/Roche; Consultancy: MSD, AbbVie, Takeda, Ferring, Centocor, Hospira, Pfizer, J&J, Genentech\/Roche, Celgene, Mundipharma, Celltrion, SecondGenome, Prometheus, Shire, Prodigest, Gilead, Galapagos.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"10064"}}