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Recently we isolated a new species, <jats:italic>Escherichia marmotae<\/jats:italic> from the faeces of <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>himalayana<\/jats:italic>. In this study we characterised <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>marmotae<\/jats:italic> by genomic analysis and <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> virulence testing to determine its potential as a human pathogen. We sequenced the genomes of the seven <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>marmotae<\/jats:italic> strains and found that they contained a plasmid that carried a <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>-like type III secretion system (T3SS) and their effectors, and shared the same O antigen gene cluster as <jats:italic>Shigella dysenterae<\/jats:italic> 8 and <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> O38. We also showed that <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>marmotae<\/jats:italic> was invasive to HEp-2 cells although it was much less invasive than <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>. Thus <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>marmotae<\/jats:italic> is likely to be an invasive pathogen. However, <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>marmotae<\/jats:italic> has a truncated IpaA invasin, and lacks the environmental response regulator VirF and the IcsA-actin based intracellular motility, rendering it far less invasive in comparison to <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>marmotae<\/jats:italic> also carried a diverse set of virulence factors in addition to the T3SS, including an IS1414 encoded enterotoxin gene <jats:italic>astA<\/jats:italic> with 37 copies, <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic> virulence genes <jats:italic>lifA\/efa, cif<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>epeA<\/jats:italic>, and the <jats:italic>sfp<\/jats:italic> gene cluster, <jats:italic>Yersinia<\/jats:italic> T3SS effector <jats:italic>yopJ<\/jats:italic>, one Type II secretion system and two Type VI secretion systems. Therefore, <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>marmotae<\/jats:italic> is a potential invasive pathogen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46831-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T10:03:15Z","timestamp":1563876195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Genomic and molecular characterisation of Escherichia marmotae from wild rodents in Qinghai-Tibet plateau as a potential pathogen"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Sha","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji","family":"Pu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochen","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangli","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanwen","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyun","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiting","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianguo","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"46831_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5452.443","volume":"287","author":"P Daszak","year":"2000","unstructured":"Daszak, P., Cunningham, A. 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