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Recent experimental studies mainly using animal models have revealed a crucial role of macrophage-mediated chronic inflammatory responses in its pathogenesis. However, as findings from comprehensive analysis of unruptured human IAs are limited, factors regulating progression and rupture of IAs in humans remain unclear. Using surgically dissected human unruptured IA lesions and control arterial walls, gene expression profiles were obtained by RNA sequence analysis. RNA sequencing analysis was done with read count about 60~100\u2009million which yielded 6~10 billion bases per sample. 79 over-expressed and 329 under-expressed genes in IA lesions were identified. Through Gene Ontology analysis, \u2018chemokine activity\u2019, \u2018defense response\u2019 and \u2018extracellular region\u2019 were picked up as over-represented terms which included CCL3 and CCL4 in common. Among these genes, quantitative RT-PCR analysis using another set of samples reproduced the above result. Finally, increase of CCL3 protein compared with that in control arterial walls was clarified in IA lesions. Findings of the present study again highlight importance of macrophage recruitment via CCL3 in the pathogenesis of IA progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46886-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,17]],"date-time":"2019-07-17T10:02:43Z","timestamp":1563357763000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["RNA sequencing analysis revealed the induction of CCL3 expression in human intracranial aneurysms"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1578-1394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Aoki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2939-7182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Koseki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruka","family":"Miyata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masayoshi","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0575-0308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideya","family":"Kawaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsumi","family":"Takizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akitsugu","family":"Kawashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ujiie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Higa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenzo","family":"Minamimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshikazu","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Kasuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Nozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2497-5772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akio","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7802-924X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirotoshi","family":"Sano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuh","family":"Narumiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"46886_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60153-6","volume":"369","author":"J van Gijn","year":"2007","unstructured":"van Gijn, J., Kerr, R. 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