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Exposure to MeHg has been implicated in neurological damage, but research on its role in cancers, specifically glioma, is limited. In a glioma case-control study, we examined associations between toenail mercury (Hg) and glioma risk. We also examined genetic polymorphisms in 13 genes related to MeHg metabolism for association with glioma risk; genetic associations were also studied in the UK Biobank cohort. Median toenail Hg in cases and controls, respectively, was 0.066\u2009\u03bcg\/g and 0.069\u2009\u03bcg\/g (interquartile range (IQR): 0.032\u20130.161 and 0.031\u20130.150\u2009\u03bcg\/g). Toenail Hg was not found to be significantly associated with glioma risk (Odds Ratio: 1.02; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.91, 1.14; p\u2009=\u20090.70 in analysis for ordinal trend with increasing quartile of toenail MeHg). No genetic variant was statistically significant in both of the studies; one variant, rs11859163 (<jats:italic>MMP2<\/jats:italic>) had a combined p-value of 0.02 though it was no longer significant after adjustment for multiple testing (Bonferroni corrected p\u2009=\u20091). This study does not support the hypothesis that exposure to MeHg plays a role in the development of glioma at levels of exposure found in this study population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47284-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]],"date-time":"2019-07-26T10:03:04Z","timestamp":1564135384000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Methylmercury exposure, genetic variation in metabolic enzymes, and the risk of glioma"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jordan H.","family":"Creed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noah C.","family":"Peeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella M.","family":"Anic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reid C.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renato V.","family":"LaRocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sajeel A.","family":"Chowdhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Brockman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Travis A.","family":"Gerke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5926-2230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis B.","family":"Nabors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Egan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"47284_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"v1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox158","volume":"19","author":"QT Ostrom","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ostrom, Q. 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