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A novel colicin type, colicin Z (26.3\u2009kDa), was described as a product of an original producer, extraintestinal <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic> B1356 strain, isolated from the anorectal abscess of a 17 years-old man. The 4,007\u2009bp plasmid (pColZ) was completely sequenced and colicin Z activity (<jats:italic>cza<\/jats:italic>) and colicin Z immunity (<jats:italic>czi<\/jats:italic>) genes were identified. The <jats:italic>cza<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>czi<\/jats:italic> genes are transcribed in opposite directions and encode for 237 and 151 amino acid-long proteins, respectively. Colicin Z shows a narrow inhibitory spectrum, being active only against enteroinvasive <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic> (EIEC) and <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic> strains via CjrC receptor recognition and CjrB- and ExbB-, ExbD-mediated colicin translocation. All tested EIEC and <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic> strains isolated between the years 1958\u20132010 were sensitive to colicin\u00a0Z. The lethal effect of colicin Z was found to be directed against cell wall peptidoglycan (PG) resulting in PG degradation, as revealed by experiments with Remazol Brilliant Blue-stained purified peptidoglycans and with MALDI-TOF MS analyses of treated PG. Colicin Z represents a new class of colicins that is structurally and functionally distinct from previously studied colicin types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47488-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]],"date-time":"2019-07-31T10:02:57Z","timestamp":1564567377000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Colicin Z, a structurally and functionally novel colicin type that selectively kills enteroinvasive Escherichia coli and Shigella strains"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Lenka","family":"Micenkov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juraj","family":"Bos\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2240-8851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiri","family":"Kucera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mat\u011bj","family":"Hrala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tereza","family":"Dolej\u0161ov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ondrej","family":"\u0160edo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3150-6752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Linke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radovan","family":"Fi\u0161er","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"\u0160majs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"47488_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2010.90","volume":"5","author":"H Majeed","year":"2011","unstructured":"Majeed, H., Gillor, O., Kerr, B. & Riley, M. 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